'Iqbāl, Sir Muḥammad

Japanese: イクバール（英語表記）'Iqbāl， Sir Muḥammad

Born: November 9, 1877, Sialkot
[Died] April 21, 1938. Lahore. Indian poet and philosopher. Born into a devout Muslim family, he graduated from the University of Lahore and then studied philosophy at Cambridge and Munich. He was particularly influenced by Nietzsche and Bergson, and earned his doctorate in research on Iranian mysticism. After returning to India, he opened a law practice and published many poems in Persian and Urdu. He later entered politics, and in 1930, when he was elected chairman of the Muslim League's annual conference, he outlined in his inaugural speech a plan to merge Muslim-majority areas to form a single state, which was realized with the founding of Pakistan. His major works include 'Asrār-e khūdī (1915), The Secret of the Self.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1877.11.9. シアルコート
[没]1938.4.21. ラホール
インドの詩人，哲学者。熱心なムスリムの家庭に生れ，ラホール大学を卒業後ケンブリッジ，ミュンヘン両大学で哲学を学ぶ。特にニーチェとベルグソンから影響を受け，イランの神秘主義に関する研究で学位を得た。帰国後，弁護士を開業するかたわらペルシア語とウルドゥー語の詩を多数発表。その後政治の分野に参加し，1930年ムスリム連盟年次大会の議長に選ばれた際，就任演説でムスリム多住地域を合併して単一国家を打立てる構想を明らかにしたが，これはパキスタン建国によって実現した。主著に『自我の秘密』'Asrār-e khūdī(1915) など。

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