Snow vehicle

Japanese: 雪上車 - せつじょうしゃ(英語表記)snow vehicle
Snow vehicle

A general term for vehicles that can run on snow, which normal cars cannot run on. Normal wheels, which have a relatively small contact area with the ground, get buried in new snow and cannot move forward, and on ice they spin freely, making it impossible to move forward, and neither steering nor braking works. For this reason, most snowmobiles are equipped with crawlers (endless tracks, formerly known as caterpillars). Most are powered by diesel engines, which are easy to use in cold regions. In addition to polar exploration, snowmobiles can be used to transport and communicate with people and supplies in snowy areas. The first snowmobiles were manufactured in Japan in 1956 (Showa 31) for the Antarctic observation program.

There are also one- or two-seater snowmobiles, which have a motorcycle with the front wheels replaced by skis and the rear wheels replaced by crawlers, and are used for communication and sports in snowy areas.

[Takashima Shizuo]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

普通の自動車では走れない雪上を走行する自動車の総称。接地面積の比較的小さい通常の車輪は、新雪には埋まってしまって前進できないし、アイスバーン上では空転のため前進できず、ステアリング(操向)、ブレーキともに効かない。そこで多くの雪上車はクローラー(無限軌道。以前はキャタピラーとよばれていた)を装着している。原動機は寒冷地でも扱いやすいディーゼルエンジンが多い。用途としては極地探検のほか、積雪地での人員・物資の輸送、連絡などがある。日本では1956年(昭和31)の南極観測用に製造されたのが最初である。

 このほかオートバイの前輪をスキーに、後輪をクローラーに変えた、1人または2人乗りのスノーモビルもあり、積雪地での連絡やスポーツに用いられている。

[高島鎮雄]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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