A book written by Ogyu Sorai in 4 volumes. In response to a request from the 8th Shogun of the Edo Shogunate, Tokugawa Yoshimune, Sorai expressed his opinion on how the Shogunate's politics should be reformed. The date of writing is unknown, but it is estimated to have been around 1725 (Kyoho 10) or 1727. Because the contents relate to political secrets, Sorai did not even show it to his disciples, and even wrote at the end that he would present it to them in his own handwriting. It was never made public, but in the second half of the 18th century, copies were made and gradually circulated among the public, and in 1868 (Meiji 1), after the collapse of the Shogunate, it was published in Kyoto. The reason it was so widely read is because it shows accurate recognition and excellent insight into the realities of society under Shogunate politics, its problems, and their solutions, and it is now considered one of the important historical sources for research on the history of the Edo period. The main focus of Sorai's reform proposals was on establishing family registries and settling samurai and commoners in the land (indigenous theory) and regulating living standards according to social status (institutional theory). At first glance, these proposals appear conservative, but they also contained insights into the true nature of Japanese society, and in that respect they are seen as having played a role in preparing the way for modern Japan. [Masahide Bito] "Tatsuya Tsuji, Masao Maruyama, et al., Annotated "Japanese Thought Series 36: Ogyu Sorai" (1973, Iwanami Shoten)" Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
荻生徂徠(おぎゅうそらい)の著書。4巻。江戸幕府の8代将軍徳川吉宗(よしむね)の諮問に応じ、幕府政治の改革すべき点についての徂徠の意見を述べたもので、著述の時期は不明であるが、1725年(享保10)ないし27年ごろと推定される。内容が政治上の機密に関係しているため、徂徠は門人にも見せず、自筆のまま上呈する旨を末尾に記しているほどで、公表されることはなかったが、18世紀後半になると、写本がつくられて、しだいに世間に流布し、幕府倒壊後の1868年(明治1)には京都で出版されている。このように広く読まれたのは、幕府政治のもとでの社会の実情と、その問題点、ならびにその解決策についての、的確な認識と優れた見識が示されているためで、現在では江戸時代史研究の重要な史料の一つとされている。徂徠の改革案の主眼は、戸籍を整備して、武士や庶民を土地に定着させること(土着論)と、身分に応じた生活水準の規制(制度論)とに置かれており、一見すると保守的であるが、そのなかには日本の社会の本質についての洞察が含まれており、その点で近代の日本を準備する役割を果たしたとみられる。 [尾藤正英] 『辻達也・丸山真男他校注『日本思想大系 36 荻生徂徠』(1973・岩波書店)』 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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