Swaraj - Suwaraj (English spelling)

Japanese: スワラージ - すわらーじ(英語表記)Swarāj
Swaraj - Suwaraj (English spelling)

In Indian languages, it means "self-rule." Shivaji, the founder of the Maratha Empire, described an independent Hindu state that opposed the Mughal Empire as swarajya, but in modern Indian history, it generally means "national independence." It was put forward as a political slogan by Tilak and others in the struggle against the partition of Bengal that began in 1905, and was officially adopted as a political goal for the first time at the Calcutta Congress of the Indian National Congress the following year. It was temporarily replaced by the English term "home rule," but in 1927, during the Simon Commission boycott movement, the goal of the Indian National Congress was defined as "purna swaraj" (complete independence), and the Lahore Congress of the Indian National Congress in 1929 also rejected "dominion status" and adopted purna swaraj as its political goal.

[Masao Naito]

[Reference] | Swadeshi

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

インド諸語で「自己の支配」を意味する。マラータ王国の創始者シバージーは、ムガル帝国に対抗するヒンドゥーの独立国家をスワラージャと表現したが、近現代インド史では広く「民族の独立」を意味する。1905年からのベンガル分割反対闘争のなかでティラクらが政治スローガンとして打ち出し、翌年の国民会議派カルカッタ大会で、初めて公式に政治目標として採択された。一時英語の「ホーム・ルール」にとってかわられるが、27年にはサイモン委員会ボイコット運動のなかで国民会議派の目標が「プールナ・スワラージ」(完全独立)と規定され、29年の国民会議派ラホール大会でも「自治領地位」を否定し、このプールナ・スワラージを政治目標として採択した。

[内藤雅雄]

[参照項目] | スワデーシー

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

<<:  Sit‐down - sit‐down (English spelling)

>>:  Suwa Yorimizu

Recommend

Julia Domna

? ‐217 Wife of the Roman Emperor Septimius Severus...

Yoshiaki Ashikaga

The 15th Shogun of the Muromachi Shogunate. Son o...

Beringia

...This refers to the land that became land durin...

Okitsu-shuku

…In 1601 (Keicho 6), Okitsu was designated as a p...

Liquid phase absorption reduction method

… [Wet denitrification technology] Most of the we...

Ixiōn (English spelling) Ixion

…the singular is Lapithēs. When their king, Ixion...

Dichotomous sympodium

…When one branch of a bifurcation becomes stronge...

General participation system

...This is the case with the common income system...

Ontology (English spelling)

A dictionary for defining concepts used in expert ...

Labeo, Marcus Antistius

[Born] Around 50 B.C. [Died] 18 years ago A leadin...

Traumatic dislocation

…Pathological dislocations are caused by deformat...

Muscicapinae

…A general term for birds of the Muscicapinae sub...

Akadashi - Akadashi

...The body is pale pink or crimson red, with fiv...

canso

...The work is often concluded with a concluding ...

Scepter - Scepter

A type of uniform in which a scepter (shaku) is wo...