Sulfanilic acid - Sulfanilic acid

Japanese: スルファニル酸 - するふぁにるさん(英語表記)sulfanilic acid
Sulfanilic acid - Sulfanilic acid

A type of aromatic aminosulfonic acid, also known as p (para)-aminobenzenesulfonic acid. It is soluble in water, but not in ethanol (ethyl alcohol) or ether. This compound is obtained by heating aniline sulfate at approximately 200 °C, and is widely used as a synthetic intermediate for various azo dyes.

The amide derivative of this compound , p -aminobenzenesulfonamide H2NC6H4 - SO2NH2 , is also known as sulfamine and is a type of sulfa drug. It was used as an antibacterial drug in medicine, but due to side effects and low effective blood concentration, the compound itself is rarely used today. Instead, the derivative H2NC6H4 - SO2NHR , in which the NH2 group of the sulfonamide of this compound is substituted, is used as a medicine. These series of medicinal sulfonamides are called sulfa drugs. In particular, sulfamethizole, which has a 5 -methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-5-yl group as the substituent R, and sulfamethoxazole, which has a 5- methyl -3-oxazolyl group, are representative sulfa drugs, and are widely used as antibacterial agents to treat infections and associated inflammation ( Figure ).

[Masahiro Hirota]

[References] | Sulfa drugs [Supplementary information] | Sulfanilic acid (data note)
Representative sulfa drugs (Figure)
©Shogakukan ">

Representative sulfa drugs (Figure)


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

芳香族アミノスルホン酸の一種で、p(パラ)-アミノベンゼンスルホン酸ともいう。水には溶けるが、エタノール(エチルアルコール)、エーテルには溶けない。この化合物はアニリン硫酸塩をおよそ200℃で加熱すると得られ、種々のアゾ染料の合成中間体として広く使われている。

 この化合物のアミド誘導体であるp-アミノベンゼンスルホンアミドH2N-C6H4-SO2NH2は、別名スルファミンとよばれ、サルファ剤の一種である。抗菌剤として医薬に用いられていたが、副作用や有効血中濃度が低いなどの欠点があるので、現在ではこの化合物自体はほとんど使われていない。かわりに、この化合物のスルホンアミドのNH2基を置換した誘導体H2N-C6H4-SO2NHRが医薬として用いられている。これらの一連の医薬となるスルホンアミド類をサルファ剤とよぶ。とくに、置換基Rとして5-メチル-1,3,4-チアジアゾール-5-イル基をもつスルファメチゾール、5-メチル-3-オキサゾリル基をもつスルファメトキサゾールなどが代表的なサルファ剤で、抗菌剤として感染症やそれに伴う炎症などの治療に広く用いられている()。

[廣田 穰]

[参照項目] | サルファ剤[補完資料] | スルファニル酸(データノート)
代表的なサルファ剤〔図〕
©Shogakukan">

代表的なサルファ剤〔図〕


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