This refers to the interaction that gives different energies to a particle with spin, i.e., the angular momentum of rotation, when it moves in an orbit, depending on the difference in the relative orientation of the spin vector s and the orbital angular momentum vector l . It is usually included in the form of ( l s ). In the case of atoms, for example, the D line in the emission spectrum of sodium splits into two with a small energy difference due to the spin-orbit interaction. The shell structure of atomic nuclei is also explained by the strong spin-orbit interaction. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
自転の角運動量,すなわちスピンをもつ粒子が軌道運動をするとき,スピンのベクトル s と軌道角運動量のベクトル l との相対的な向きの差によって,異なるエネルギーを与える相互作用をさす。通常は (l・s) の形で含まれている。原子の場合,たとえばナトリウムの発光スペクトル (→放出スペクトル ) のD線がわずかのエネルギー差で2本に分れるのは,スピン軌道相互作用のためである。また原子核の殻構造は,強いスピン軌道相互作用によって説明される。
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