A walking stick. A corrupted form of the English pronunciation "stick." There are practical ones for maintaining balance while walking, ones that represent one's status or rank, and ones that are decorative. Materials used include rattan, ash, bamboo, and cherry. It can already be seen in relics from ancient Egypt and the Orient, and was used as a symbol of the dignity and majesty of kings and gods. In the Middle Ages, it was an essential symbol of monarchs and priests. It first appeared as an accessory for ladies in the 11th century, and reached its height in the 18th century, when it was worn in conjunction with the thin, high-heeled shoes of the Rococo style. Men's rattan canes appeared in the 16th century, and became an important accessory for French gentlemen in the 17th century, but walking sticks only became popular until the end of the 19th century, and by the start of the 20th century, only practical ones remained. In ancient Japan, there were the forked cane and the T-shaped horizontal-necked cane (shumoku cane) shaped like a mallet. There was also the dove-shaped cane, a bamboo cane with a mallet tip, which was given to elderly people by the Imperial Court. Canes have also been used as punishment implements (whips and canes for punishment), Buddhist implements (shakujo and kongo canes), ritual implements (uzue), weapons (hidden canes), etc., but in the early modern period, canes became accessories worn when going out, and were replaced by Western canes around 1887 (Meiji 20). [Yoshiko Tamura] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
杖(つえ)のこと。英語の発音スティックの訛(なま)り。歩行時に体のバランスをとるための実用的なもの、身分や位を表徴するもの、装飾的なものなどがある。材料としては、籐(とう)(ケーン)、トネリコ、竹、桜などが用いられる。 すでに古代エジプトやオリエントの遺物のなかにみられ、王や神の尊厳や威光のシンボルとしても用いられた。中世においては、君主や僧侶(そうりょ)の表徴として不可欠であった。貴婦人のアクセサリーとしては11世紀に出現し、18世紀には、ロココ調の細くて高いヒールの靴にあわせて全盛をみた。男性用籐杖(とうづえ)は16世紀からで、17世紀にはフランス紳士の重要なアクセサリーとなったが、ステッキの流行は19世紀の末までで、20世紀に入ると、実用的なもののみが残るに至った。 日本では、古くは、先が二またになった鹿(かせ)杖と、撞木(しゅもく)のような形をした、T字形の横首杖(撞木杖)があった。また竹の撞木杖の頭に鳩(はと)形のものをつけた、宮中から長寿者に贈られる鳩杖(はとのつえ)があった。このほか、刑具(笞(ち)、杖(じょう)の罰用)、仏具(錫杖(しゃくじょう)や金剛杖)、祭具(卯杖(うづえ))、武器(仕込杖)などとして用いられてきたが、近世では杖は外出時のアクセサリーとなり、1887年(明治20)ころより洋杖にとってかわられた。 [田村芳子] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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