Sugawara clan

A clan that separated from the Haji clan. Also called the Kanke. It is derived from the place name Sugawara in Sofunoshimo County, Yamato Province (Nara Prefecture). In the Shinsen Shojiroku, it appears to have the same ancestor as Haji no Sukune, and in June 781 (Ten'o 1), Haji no Sukune's Furuhito and others requested to be given the surname Sugawara, which was granted. After that, there are scattered articles in the Rikkokushi about Haji no Sukune being given the surname Sugawara. The main branch of the Sugawara clan was Furuhito, Kiyotomo, Koreyoshi, and Michizane, and they produced many scholars. Furuhito lived a life of simple poverty, and his descendants inherited his academic virtues, with Koreyoshi becoming a councilor and Michizane becoming the Minister of the Right. The Sugawara clan's power temporarily declined due to Michizane's exile, but his descendants served the Imperial Court through their studies, and Michizane's grandson Fumitoki was said to be more refined in words and phrases than his grandfather. The Tosho-ke families of Takatsuji, Higashibojo, Gojo, Karahashi, Kiyooka, and Kuwahara are descendants of Michizane's son Takami, and the Maeda clan, the lords of Kaga, also claimed to be of the Sugawara clan.

[Morita Tei]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

土師(はじ)氏から分立した氏。菅家(かんけ)ともいう。大和国(やまとのくに)（奈良県）添下(そふのしも)郡菅原の地名に由来する。『新撰姓氏録(しんせんしょうじろく)』に土師宿禰(はじのすくね)と同祖とみえ、781年（天応1）6月土師宿禰古人(ふるひと)らが菅原の姓を賜らんことを求めて許され、以後六国史(りっこくし)に土師宿禰に対する菅原賜姓の記事が散見する。菅原氏の本宗は古人―清公(きよとも)―是善(これよし)―道真(みちざね)と続き、多数の学者を輩出した。古人は清貧の生活を送り、子孫はその学徳を継ぎ、是善は参議に至り、道真は右大臣に登った。道真の流謫(るたく)により菅原氏の勢いは一時衰えたが、その子孫は学業により朝廷に仕え、道真の孫文時(ふみとき)は、字句の洗練祖父に勝ると称された。堂上家(とうしょうけ)の高辻(たかつじ)、東坊城(ひがしぼうじょう)、五条、唐橋、清岡、桑原は道真の男高視(たかみ)の後裔(こうえい)であり、加賀藩主前田氏も菅原氏を称した。

［森田　悌］

出典　小学館　日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について　情報 | 凡例