Newly appointed land steward - Shinpojito

After the Jokyu War in 1221 (Jokyu 3), the victorious Kamakura Shogunate newly appointed Jito to the vast territories it had confiscated from the defeated Imperial Court (Kyoto side). In areas where there were already Jito or Geshi in place, they inherited those positions, but in areas where they did not, they were uniformly prescribed standards (rate laws) such as 1 cho of land for every 11 cho, an additional 5 sho of rice per tan, sharing of produce from the mountains, fields, rivers, and seas with the provincial governor's family, acquisition of one third of the territories of criminals, and prohibition of moving forward or backward through the territories. Therefore, strictly speaking, the latter are called Shinho-ho Jito (land stewards under the new compensation system), but as the control of the Jito expanded later, the difference between them gradually became meaningless.

[Akio Yoshie]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

1221年（承久3）の承久(じょうきゅう)の乱ののち、勝利した鎌倉幕府が敗北した朝廷側（京方）から没収した膨大な所領に新しく補置した地頭。その所職(しょしき)や得分(とくぶん)の内容は、在来地頭や下司(げし)が置かれていた所ではそれを継承し、それのない所では一律に11町ごとに1町の給田(きゅうでん)、反別(たんべつ)5升の加徴米、山野河海所出物(さんやかがいしょしゅつぶつ)の国司領家(こくしりょうけ)との折半、犯罪人跡所領3分の1の収得、下地進退(したじしんたい)の禁止などの規準（率法(りっぽう)）を定めた。したがって厳密には後者を新補率法地頭とよぶが、のち地頭の支配の拡大に伴ってその差異はしだいに有名無実化した。

［義江彰夫］

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