A form of public forum. The word comes from the Greek symposion, meaning to drink together (posis). It is commonly translated as pulpit debate. When discussing a particular topic, several experts, such as academics, are selected to present their views to the participants, and then move on to a general discussion (mainly Q&A) based on their expert knowledge. The correct name for such a format, which is used by a group of experts, is a symposium or forum. If there is only one expert, it is called a lecture forum, and when it is not a group of experts but people with the same positions as the participants who hold the podium to discuss, it is called a panel discussion or panel forum (representative discussion), although the format is almost the same. The word symposium is not limited to podium discussions, but is also used in magazine discussions in which several experts express their views on a particular issue from their own perspective. A symposium/forum usually consists of one chairperson (moderator) and four or five experts and participants, and the chairperson proceeds by concisely explaining the purpose of the discussion, explaining the theme, introducing the speakers, and explaining how the event will proceed. After that, the experts take turns expressing their views within the scheduled time, and sometimes there is also an opportunity for a short supplementary explanation. Next, the speakers move on to a question-and-answer session aimed at understanding specialist knowledge related to the theme, and then proceed to a discussion with the participants, with the chairperson finally summarizing the discussion. When the topic is easily understandable to participants, a panel discussion is preferable, but when the topic is difficult or requires a systematic and logical explanation, a symposium forum or lecture forum is often used. [Okahigashi Toshitaka] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
公開討論会の一つの形式。いっしょにsyn-飲むposisの意のギリシア語symposion(饗宴(きょうえん))が語源。講壇討議と一般に訳されている。 特定のテーマに関して討議を行う際、異なった立場や角度からの分析や論究が深まるよう、学識経験者などの専門家を数名選び、参加者に対して、それぞれが見解を述べ、それらの専門的な知見に基づき、全体討論会(質疑―応答が主)に移行する形式をとる。このような専門家集団による形式は、正しくはシンポジウム・フォーラムforumという。専門家が1名であれば、レクチャー・フォーラムlecture forumといい、さらに専門家集団でなく、参加者と同じ立場の人が壇上で討議する場合には、形式はほとんど変わらないが、パネル・ディスカッションpanel discussionとかパネル・フォーラム(代表討議)とかよばれる。また、シンポジウムということばは、講壇討議に限らず、雑誌などで特定の問題について、数名の専門家がそれぞれの立場から見解を表明する誌上討論会の場合にも用いられる。 シンポジウム・フォーラムは、通常、議長(司会)1名に4、5名の専門家と参加者からなり、進行は、議長が、討議の趣旨、テーマの説明、登壇者の紹介を要領よく行い、進行方法についても説明する。その後、専門家が順次、予定時間内で見解を述べ、さらに短時間の補足説明の機会を設けることもある。次には、おもにテーマに沿った専門的知識の理解を目的とした、登壇者同士での質疑応答に移行し、その後、参加者との間での討論に進み、最終的に議長がまとめていく。 テーマが参加者に容易に理解される場合には、パネル・ディスカッションを採用するほうが望ましいが、難解なテーマ、系統的で論理的な説明を要するテーマであるときには、シンポジウム・フォーラムやレクチャー・フォーラムがよく用いられる。 [岡東壽隆] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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