Decision - Shinketsu

Japanese: 審決 - しんけつ

It is a public judgment made by an administrative agency, and a quasi-judicial administrative disposition. (1) When an act that violates the Antimonopoly Act is found, the Fair Trade Commission may, by means of a decision, order the business operator to take the necessary measures to eliminate the violation. In principle, a decision equivalent to a judgment in a court of law is made through a trial procedure (decided at a closed meeting of the Fair Trade Commission Chairman and Commissioners; Article 55), but there are exceptions, such as a recommendation decision (Article 48) and a consent decision (Article 53-3), which are made without going through a trial procedure. The Tokyo High Court has exclusive jurisdiction in the first instance in lawsuits involving trial decisions (Article 85). (2) When the Japan Patent Office receives a request for a trial regarding a patent, design, trademark, or utility model, it makes a decision through a trial procedure (concluded by a panel of trial judges designated by the Commissioner of the Japan Patent Office). The Tokyo High Court has exclusive jurisdiction over lawsuits against these decisions (Patent Law Articles 157 and 158, Design Law Articles 52 and 59, Trademark Law Articles 56-1 and 63, Utility Model Law Articles 41 and 47). (Design rights, trademark rights, utility model rights)

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

行政機関の行う公権的判断で，準司法的行政処分である。 (1) 公正取引委員会は，独占禁止法に違反する行為があるときには，その事業者に対して，審決によって違反行為を排除するために必要な措置を命じることができる。裁判における判決に相当する審決は，審判手続 (公正取引委員長および委員の非公開の会議によって決定される。 55条) を経て行われるのが原則であるが，例外的に審判手続を経ずに下される勧告審決 (48条) と同意審決 (53条の3) がある。なお審決にかかわる訴訟の第一審の裁判権は東京高等裁判所に専属する (85条) 。 (2) 特許庁は，特許・意匠・商標・実用新案に関する審判の請求を受けた場合に，審判手続 (特許庁長官の指定した審判官の合議によって行われる) を経て審決を行う。なお，これらの審決に対する訴訟の第一審の裁判権は東京高等裁判所に専属する (特許法 157，158，意匠法 52，59，商標法 56条1項，63，実用新案法 41，47) 。 (意匠権。商標権。実用新案権)

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