Adenoid hyperplasia - Adenoid vegetation

Japanese: アデノイド増殖症 - アデノイドぞうしょくしょう（英語表記）Adenoid vegetation

What is the disease?

Pharynx ( Into ) (Throat) Tonsils ( Tonsil ) There are collections of lymphatic tissue called spleens, which serve to defend the body against bacteria and viruses that attempt to invade the body from the outside world. Uvula ( Kogaisui ) There are a pair of uvulas on the left and right Palatine tonsils ( Public Health ) The pharyngeal tonsils (adenoids) located at the back of the nasal cavity are a typical example of tonsillar tissue (Figure 10).

Adenoids begin to grow from about age 3, reach their peak at about age 6, and then gradually atrophy ( Ishku ) Although adenoid hypertrophy does not usually have any pathological meaning, it can sometimes cause various symptoms and is called adenoid hyperplasia.

How symptoms manifest

The following symptoms are seen primarily in childhood:

1. Nasal symptoms

Between the nasal cavity and the pharynx Obstruction ( Peaceful ) Symptoms such as stuffy nose and loud snoring may appear. Infants may also have difficulty feeding. The face may become loose due to mouth breathing, which is called adenoid facies.

②Ear symptoms

The middle ear and the pharynx are connected by a tube called the Eustachian tube, so enlargement of the adenoids can cause hearing loss. Serous otitis media ( Graduate school ) It becomes easier to become.

3) Systemic symptoms

Enlarged tonsils and adenoids can cause breathing problems at night, Sleep apnea ( Water Mining Association ) In addition, symptoms such as inattention and restlessness during the day also appear.

Testing and diagnosis

Diagnosis is relatively easy using a nasal fiberscope. X-rays are also useful. tumor ( Main ) If this is suspected, a tissue sample may be taken for testing.

Treatment methods

Adenoids shrink with age, so if the symptoms mentioned above are mild, active treatment is not performed, but if the symptoms are severe, an adenoidectomy is performed. The surgery is performed inside the mouth under general anesthesia, so there are no visible scars from the outside.

What to do if you notice an illness

Because the symptoms are so diverse, it is not uncommon to not realize that the cause is adenoid hyperplasia. If you have any suspicious symptoms, be sure to visit an otolaryngologist.

Kazunari Ichinomiya

Figure 10 Position of the oral cavity and pharynx
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Figure 10 Position of the oral cavity and pharynx

Source: Houken “Sixth Edition Family Medicine Encyclopedia” Information about the Sixth Edition Family Medicine Encyclopedia

Japanese:

どんな病気か

　咽頭(いんとう)（のど）には扁桃(へんとう)と呼ばれるリンパ組織の集まったものがあり、外界から細菌やウイルスが体に侵入しようとするのを防御する役割を果たしています。口蓋垂(こうがいすい)（のどちんこ）の横に左右一対ある口蓋扁桃(こうがいへんとう)、鼻腔の奥にある咽頭扁桃（アデノイド）が代表的な扁桃組織です（図10）。