Theodicy

Japanese: 神義論 - しんぎろん（英語表記）theodicy

A philosophical and theological term first used by Leibniz. Also called theodicy, it refers to an argument that attempts to prove that the existence of evil in the world is not in contradiction with God's omnipotence, goodness, and justice. In Ancient Judaism, M. Weber claims that the first ethical theodicy in human history can be found in the story of the Fall in Genesis Chapter 3, but it would be more appropriate to say that the argument for God's righteousness began with Israel, who was cut off from their past traditions by being taken into captivity. In Isaiah Chapter 40 and following, it is argued that God's use of a pagan king to free the captives was possible only because the God of Israel is the creator and ruler of history, and that other gods do not have that power.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

ライプニッツが最初に用いた哲学･神学用語。〈弁神論〉ともいい，世界における悪の存在が神の全能と善と正義に矛盾するものでないことを弁証しようとする議論をいう。M.ウェーバーは《古代ユダヤ教》の中で，《創世記》3章の堕罪物語に人類最初の倫理的神義論がみられるというが，神の義（ただ）しさを弁証することは，捕囚によって過去の伝統から断たれたイスラエルに始まるとみるのがやはり適当であろう。《イザヤ書》40章以下で，神が捕囚民の解放のために異教の王を用いることは，イスラエルの神が創造者にして歴史の支配者であればこそ可能で，他の神々にはその力はないと論じられる。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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