A flag that symbolizes unity to show the position of the military and boost morale. It is also called the regimental flag. Until the Middle Ages, military flags were religious flags to show that soldiers received divine protection, or the family crest or personal banner of the commander to show the unit to which he belonged, but with the rise of nationalism, they shifted to national flags. Some are the same as the national flag, while others, such as Japan and the Soviet Union, have a different design from the national flag. The French military flag is blue, white and red with the words "Republic of France" (République Française) and "Honor and Fatherland" (Honeur et Patrie) on the national flag, and the unit number wrapped in laurel leaves and embroidered in gold. In Japan, the former Army and Navy used the Rising Sun Flag as their military flag and naval ensign. In the current Self-Defense Forces, the Ground Self-Defense Force uses the Rising Sun Flag with eight rising sun stripes with gold edges for each regiment, and the Maritime Self-Defense Force uses the Rising Sun Flag with 16 rising sun stripes. Following the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Russian Navy replaced its previous naval flag with the Imperial Russian "Flag of St. Andrew", a blue X-shaped cross on a white background. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
軍隊の位置を示し,士気を高めるため団結を象徴化した旗。「連隊旗」ともいう。軍旗は中世まで,宗教的な旗を用いて将兵が神の加護を受けるとか,隊の指揮者の家紋,あるいは個人的な旗印を用いて属する部隊を示していたが,ナショナリズムの興隆とともに国家的なものへと移行した。国旗と同一のものと,日本やソ連などのように国旗と異なるデザインを用いたものとがある。フランスの軍旗は青白赤の国旗に「フランス共和国」 République Française,「名誉と祖国」 Honneur et Patrieの言葉と,月桂樹の葉に包まれた部隊番号の金の縫取りとをつける。日本では旧陸海軍ともに旭日旗が軍旗,軍艦旗に使われた。現在の自衛隊では陸上自衛隊は連隊ごとに縁が金色の8条の旭光の旭日旗を使い,海上自衛隊は 16本の旭光の旭日旗を使用している。ソ連邦の崩壊に伴い,ロシア海軍ではこれまでの海軍旗に代って,帝政ロシア時代の白地に青のX型十字架の「聖アンドレア旗」を海軍旗にした。
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