Mount Shirouma - Shiroumadake

Japanese: 白馬岳 - しろうまだけ
Mount Shirouma - Shiroumadake

This mountain stands on the border between Nagano and Toyama prefectures, in the northern part of the Ushiro-Tateyama mountain range in the Northern Alps. It is 2,932 meters above sea level. Along with Mount Yari and Mount Hotaka, it is one of the most popular mountains in the Northern Alps, and together with Mount Shakushi (2,812 meters) and Mount Yari (2,903 meters) to the south, it is one of the three mountains of Hakuba. It is an asymmetrical ridge, with a steep cliff on the eastern side facing the Median Tectonic Line, and a relatively gentle slope on the western side leading to the Kurobe Gorge. It is made up of Palaeozoic slate and sandstone, and green serpentine rock and white felsic rock stand out near the summit. There is a U-shaped valley with a glacial topography near the summit. It is one of the three major snowfields in Japan, the Hakuba Oyukikei, and is one of the most popular places for climbers. The area around Nebukappira at the top of the Oyukidake glacier is a treasure trove of alpine plants, and is known as the Flower Garden of Mt. Shirouma. It is home to Urupsou, Dicentra, Toyakurindo, Yukiwarisou, and Kuroyuri, and has been designated a Special Natural Monument. There are about 15 species of plants with the name Shirouma.

During the Edo period, it was on the route of the Kaga Domain's Shimookuyama Tour, and there is a record of a climber in 1697 (Genroku 10). In 1894 (Meiji 27), the Englishman Weston climbed it, and a mountain hut was built there in 1906. There is a bus service to Sarukura (Hakuba Village, Kitaazumi County, Nagano Prefecture) on the eastern foot of the mountain, and it takes about six hours from Sarukura to the summit.

The mountain's name comes from the fact that when the snow begins to melt in late April, a large horse-shaped rock appears just below the saddle between Mt. Shirouma and Mt. Korenge to the north, and a small horse-shaped rock appears on the right shoulder of Mt. Korenge. Farmers at the foot of the mountain likened this to a plowing horse and used it as a guide for preparing rice seedbeds. The plowing horse became Mt. Shirouma, and it is said that when the topographical map was created, it became Mt. Shirouma.

[Hiroyoshi Kobayashi]

The Three Shirouma Mountains (Mt. Shirouma, Mt. Shakushi, and Mt. Yari)
It is located on the border between Nagano and Toyama prefectures, at the northern end of the Northern Alps mountain range. From Mt. Shirouma to the south are Mt. Shakushi and Mt. Yari. It is part of the Chubu Sangaku National Park. The photo shows the view from Hakuba Ohashi Bridge in Hakuba Village, with Mt. Shirouma (2,932m above sea level), Mt. Shakushi (2,812m), and Mt. Yari (2,903m) from the right. In the foreground is the Matsukawa River. Hakuba Village, Kitaazumi District, Nagano Prefecture / Kurobe City, Toyama Prefecture, Asahi Town, Shimoniikawa District © Shinshu, Nagano Prefecture Tourism Association ">

The Three Shirouma Mountains (Mt. Shirouma, Mt. Shakushi, and Mt. Yari)

Hakuba Great Snow Valley
A snowfield on the eastern slope of Mt. Shirouma. It is about 3.5 km long and has an elevation difference of about 600 m. It is one of the three major snowfields in Japan and is the main route for climbing Mt. Shirouma. The surrounding area is also a treasure trove of alpine plants, and in summer the area around Negidaira is decorated with a variety of flowers. It is part of Chubu Sangaku National Park. Hakuba Village, Kitaazumi District, Nagano Prefecture © Shinshu Nagano Prefecture Tourism Association ">

Hakuba Great Snow Valley


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

長野・富山県境にそびえる山で、北アルプス後立山連峰の北部に位置する。標高2932メートル。槍ヶ岳(やりがたけ)や穂高岳(ほたかだけ)とともに北アルプスではもっとも人気のある山で、南に続く杓子岳(しゃくしだけ)(2812メートル)、鑓ヶ岳(やりがたけ)(2903メートル)とともに白馬三山とよばれる。非対称山稜で、東側は急崖(きゅうがい)をなして中央構造線に臨み、西側は比較的緩やかな傾斜で黒部峡谷に至る。古生界の粘板岩や砂岩からなり、山頂付近は緑色の蛇紋(じゃもん)岩と白色の珪長(けいちょう)岩が目だつ。山頂近くに氷河地形のU字谷がある。日本三大雪渓の一つ白馬大雪渓で、登山者に人気のある場所の一つである。大雪渓上部の葱平(ねぶかっぴら)周辺は高山植物の宝庫で、白馬岳のお花畑とよばれる。ウルップソウ、コマクサ、トウヤクリンドウ、ユキワリソウ、クロユリなどがあり、特別天然記念物に指定されている。なお、シロウマの名のつく植物が15種ほどある。

 江戸時代には加賀藩の下奥山廻(まわ)りの順路にあり、1697年(元禄10)の登山記録がある。1894年(明治27)イギリス人のウェストンが登っており、1906年には山小屋が置かれた。白馬登山は東麓(とうろく)の猿倉(さるくら)(長野県北安曇(きたあずみ)郡白馬(はくば)村)までバスの便があり、猿倉から頂上まで約6時間の行程である。

 山名は、4月下旬に雪解けが始まると白馬岳と北に続く小蓮華山(これんげさん)との鞍部(あんぶ)直下に大きな馬、小蓮華の右肩に小さな馬の形をした岩が黒く現れる。これを山麓の農民が代掻(しろかき)馬に見立てて苗代の準備をする目安にした。代掻馬が代馬岳となり、地形図作成の際、白馬岳となったといわれる。

[小林寛義]

白馬三山(白馬岳・杓子岳・鑓ヶ岳)
長野・富山県境、北アルプス連峰の北端に位置する。白馬岳から南に杓子岳、鑓ヶ岳が連なる。中部山岳国立公園の一部。写真は白馬村白馬大橋からの眺望で、右から白馬岳(標高2932m)、杓子岳(2812m)、鑓ヶ岳(2903m)。手前は松川。長野県北安曇郡白馬村/富山県黒部市・下新川郡朝日町©信州・長野県観光協会">

白馬三山(白馬岳・杓子岳・鑓ヶ岳)

白馬大雪渓
白馬岳の東斜面にある雪渓。全長約3.5km、標高差約600m。日本三大雪渓の一つで、白馬岳登山のメインルートになっている。周辺は高山植物の宝庫でもあり、夏季、葱平付近はさまざまな花で彩られる。中部山岳国立公園の一部。長野県北安曇郡白馬村©信州・長野県観光協会">

白馬大雪渓


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