…Under these circumstances, people would rather receive a certificate that represents a real amount of gold than actual minted coins. Thus, the establishment of transfer banks was prompted mainly to settle and transfer transactions between distant locations, and the florin banco of the Amsterdam Bank, established in 1609, and the mark banco of the Hamburg Bank, established in 1619, are representative examples of such certificates. From the mid-17th century onwards, in England, receipts (goldsmith's notes) issued by London goldsmiths to depositors for the gold and silver deposited with them were exchanged between third parties and in effect played the role of banknotes. This was the precursor to the establishment of the Bank of England in 1694, and the banknotes of the bank began to circulate in general. … *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "mark banco" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…したがってこのような状態のもとでは,むしろ現実の鋳貨を受け取るよりも真正の金量を代表する金貨を受領しうる信用券のほうが喜ばれることとなる。こうして振替銀行の設立は主として隔地間の取引の決済や送金を処理するために促されたものであり,1609年設立のアムステルダム銀行のフロリン券florin banco,19年設立のハンブルク銀行のマルク券mark bancoは以上の信用券の代表的なものである。さらに下って17世紀中期以後,イギリスにおいてもロンドンの金匠(ゴールドスミス)が自己に預託された金銀に対して預託者に交付した預証(ゴールドスミス・ノートgoldsmith’s note)が第三者間に授受されて実際上銀行券の役割をはたし,またこれが先駆となって94年にはイングランド銀行が設立され,同銀行の銀行券が一般に流通するようになった。… ※「mark banco」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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