This is a construction method used when digging tunnels in areas with soft ground that is at risk of collapse. A steel cylinder (shield) is pushed forward with a jack while the excavation proceeds, and segments (steel or concrete frames) are assembled and fixed at the rear of the shield. In places where groundwater is entering the shield, compressed air is pumped in to remove it as the tunnel progresses. The Kanmon Railway Tunnel (Kanmon Tunnel) is an example of this method, but as it has little impact on road traffic, it is often used for digging subways and sewers in cities. It was invented by MI Brunel of England in 1818, and was first used for the Thames Underground Tunnel. → Related topics Underground railway | Tunnels | Tunnel boring machines Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information |
軟弱地盤で崩壊の恐れのある個所にトンネルを掘る際などに使用される工法。鋼製の円筒(シールド)をジャッキで押し進めながら掘進し,シールド後部ではセグメント(鉄またはコンクリート枠(わく))を組み立て固定する。シールド内に地下水の流入する場所では圧縮空気を送ってこれを排除しながら進める。関門鉄道トンネル(関門トンネル)はこの例であるが,路上交通に影響の少ないことから都市での地下鉄や下水道の掘削に多く使用される。1818年英国のM.I.ブルネルが考案し,テムズ河底トンネルで使用したのが最初。 →関連項目地下鉄道|トンネル|トンネル掘削機 出典 株式会社平凡社百科事典マイペディアについて 情報 |
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