Shofar (English spelling)

Japanese: ショファル（英語表記）shofar

The ancient Israelite horn, made from the horns of a ram or a male goat. It has been used since the 2nd millennium BCE and is often mentioned in the Old Testament. It is the only religious instrument that has survived among Jews even after the destruction of the Temple in Jerusalem in 70 CE. It was once used as a variety of camp signals, in spells to ward off evil spirits, and as a magical noise instrument in battles (such as Joshua's capture of Jericho), and was eventually adopted for religious worship during the Second Temple period. Today it is played exclusively in Jewish ceremonies (after the morning service in the month of Elul, Rosh Hashanah, Atonement Day, etc.).

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

古代イスラエルの角笛。牡羊，牡ヤギの角でつくる。前2千年紀から用いられ，旧約聖書にもしばしば登場する。70年のエルサレム神殿破壊後も，ひきつづき今日までユダヤ教徒のあいだで命脈を保っている唯一の宗教楽器。かつては野営に関するさまざまの合図として，また悪霊よけの呪術，戦い(例えばヨシュアによるイェリコ攻略)などに魔術的な騒音楽器として用いられ，やがて第二神殿期に宗教礼拝用に採用された。今日ではもっぱら，ユダヤ教の祭式(エルル月の朝の礼拝後，新年祭，贖罪日など)で吹かれる。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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