The Weaver - Oriko (English spelling) Die Weber

Japanese: 織工 - おりこ(英語表記)Die Weber
The Weaver - Oriko (English spelling) Die Weber

A five-act play by German playwright G. Hauptmann. It is a social drama published in 1892 and premiered the following February at the Free Theater in Berlin. It deals with the weavers' riot that occurred in 1844 in Eulengebirge, Silesia, the author's hometown, and is significant as an environmental drama, a crowd drama, and a play featuring proletarians told in dialect. Domestic weavers, exploited by factory owner Dreissiger and others and forced to live a subhuman life, are encouraged by private Jäger, who has returned from Berlin, to break into the factory owner's mansion and raise their spirits, but are soon suppressed by the army that is called in. The play ends with old man Hilse, who turned his back on the riots and refused to leave his workplace, being hit by a stray bullet and dying. Marxist literary theory criticizes the work for its limitations in that the author only showed sympathy for the poor and did not offer any prospect of change, but the work has historical value beyond its naturalistic depiction of the environment.

[Tatsuji Iwabuchi]

"The Weaver" translated by Sakae Kubo (Iwanami Bunko)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ドイツの劇作家G・ハウプトマンの戯曲。5幕。1892年に発表した社会劇で、翌年2月ベルリンの自由劇場で初演された。1844年に作者の故郷シュレージエンのオイレンゲビルゲで起こった機織工の暴動事件を扱ったもので、環境劇、群集劇、方言で語られるプロレタリアの登場する劇としても大きな意味をもつ。工場主ドライシガーらに搾取されて人間以下の生活を強いられている家庭労働の機織りたちが、ベルリンから帰ってきた兵卒イェーガーに勇気づけられて工場主の屋敷に闖入(ちんにゅう)して気勢をあげるが、やがて出動した軍隊に鎮圧される。芝居は、暴動に背を向け、仕事場を離れなかったヒルゼ老人が流れ弾にあたって死ぬことで終わる。作者が貧しい人々に同情を示すにとどまり、変革の見通しを示さなかったことは、マルクス主義文芸論ではこの作品の限界と批判されるが、自然主義的な環境描写以上の歴史的な価値をもつ作品である。

[岩淵達治]

『久保栄訳『織工』(岩波文庫)』

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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