A volcano on the south shore of Lake Toya in southwest Hokkaido. It is a parasitic volcano that formed in the Showa era on the eastern foot of Mt. Usu. It is made of dacite. It is located in Sobetsu Town under the jurisdiction of the Iburi General Bureau, and is designated as a special natural monument within Shikotsu-Toya National Park. After a 33-year hiatus following the 1910 (Meiji 43) eruption that created "Meiji Shinzan" on the northern slope of Mt. Usu, a series of noticeable earthquakes occurred in the vicinity from the end of December 1943 (Showa 18). In January of the following year, 1944, a flat wheat field near a residential area began to rise, creating a hill named "Yaneyama." Eruptions occurred there repeatedly from the end of June to the end of October, and in mid-November, very tenacious new lava began to extrude from the center of Mt. Yaneyama. The series of activities ceased in September 1945, but the field, which was 150 meters above sea level, rose 170 meters, and together with the lava dome protruding above it, it became a new mountain with an elevation of 398 meters. Fumarolic activity continues to this day. The formation process of the new volcano was meticulously recorded by Masao Mimatsu (1888-1977), the postmaster of Sobetsu, who created the "Mimatsu Diagram" and is world famous for clarifying its appearance. There is also a volcano museum and botanical garden nearby, which attract many tourists. Usu-san, a stratovolcano of basalt to andesite, has lava domes of dacite and shows the characteristics of the eruption of Usu-san. [Akira Suwa] "Showa Shinzan - Its Birth and Observation Records" by Masao Mimatsu (1970, Kodansha) [References] |A parasitic volcano (398m above sea level) of Mount Usu on the south shore of Lake Toya. Farmland in Sobetsu Town began to rise in 1944 (Showa 19), and a lava dome formed with repeated explosions. At the foot of the mountain stands a statue of Mimatsu Masao, who meticulously recorded the process of the formation of the new volcano. Part of Shikotsu-Toya National Park. Nationally designated special natural monument Sobetsu Town, Usu District, Hokkaido © Sobetsu Town Economic and Environmental Affairs Division, Commerce, Industry and Tourism Office "> Showa Shinzan ©Shogakukan "> The formation of Showa Shinzan (May 1944 to May 1944) Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
北海道南西部、洞爺湖(とうやこ)南岸にある火山。有珠(うす)火山の東麓(とうろく)に昭和時代に新生した寄生火山。石英安山岩質である。胆振(いぶり)総合振興局管内の壮瞥町(そうべつちょう)にあり、支笏(しこつ)洞爺国立公園内で、特別天然記念物に指定されている。有珠山の北側山腹に「明治新山」を生じた1910年(明治43)の噴火から33年間の休止期ののちに、1943年(昭和18)12月末から付近で有感地震が続発し、翌1944年1月から人家に近い平らな麦畑が隆起し始め、「屋根山」と名づけられた丘を生じた。6月末~10月末にはそこで爆発を繰り返し、11月中旬、屋根山中央部にごく粘り強い新溶岩が押し出し始めた。一連の活動は1945年9月に停止したが、標高150メートルだった畑が170メートルも隆起し、その上に突き出た溶岩円頂丘とあわせて、標高398メートルの新山になった。噴気活動はいまも続いている。新火山の生成過程を壮瞥郵便局長であった三松正夫(みまつまさお)(1888―1977)が克明に記録、「三松ダイヤグラム」を作成し、その様相を明らかにしたことは世界的に有名である。付近に火山博物館、植物園などもあり、観光客が多い。なお、玄武岩~安山岩の成層火山である有珠山の頂部にある大有珠、小有珠も石英安山岩の溶岩円頂丘で、有珠火山の噴火の特徴が認められる。 [諏訪 彰] 『三松正夫著『昭和新山――その誕生と観察の記録』(1970・講談社)』 [参照項目] |洞爺湖南岸にある有珠山の寄生火山(標高398m)。1944年(昭和19)から壮瞥町内の畑地が隆起し始め、爆発を繰り返しながら溶岩円頂丘を形成した。麓には新火山の生成過程を克明に記録し続けた三松正夫の像が建つ。支笏洞爺国立公園の一部。国指定特別天然記念物 北海道有珠郡壮瞥町©壮瞥町経済環境課商工観光室"> 昭和新山 ©Shogakukan"> 昭和新山の形成(1944年5月~194… 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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