Anchovy - anchovy (English spelling)

Japanese: アンチョビー - あんちょびー(英語表記)anchovy
Anchovy - anchovy (English spelling)

Anchovy is the English name for a small fish similar to anchovies caught off the coast of Peru and in the Mediterranean Sea. In addition, the fish that has been salted and matured, as well as the oil-pickled products, are also called anchovies. Anchovy production varies from year to year, but is quite large, and most of it is used as a raw material for fish meal. To make salted anchovies, fresh fish of about 10 cm in length are soaked in salt water of 20 degrees Baume, the head and internal organs are removed with fingers, and then the fish is soaked in a barrel while sprinkling 20-30% salt, weights are placed on top, and the fish is allowed to self-digest for 6-10 months while removing the leachate. The fish is then filleted into three pieces using tweezers, rolled into a roll, and packed into cans or bottles, and vegetable oil is added and rolled up. The yield is about 10% of the raw fish. It is used in hors d'oeuvres and salads.

Anchovy sauce is also made from anchovies. To make this, aged anchovies are soaked in warm water, shaken lightly, scales and skin are removed, then put through a meat grinder, soaked in hot water and filtered, salt and coloring are added, and the mixture is boiled. Cornstarch is added to part of the infusion, and the two are mixed, spices are added, and the mixture is boiled again. It is mainly used in fish dishes in Europe, and can be considered a type of fish sauce.

[Kaneda Hisashi]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ペルー沖、地中海などでとれるカタクチイワシによく似た小魚の英名。また、この魚を塩蔵熟成させたもの、およびその油漬け製品もアンチョビーとよばれる。アンチョビーの生産は年により変動するが、かなり産額が多く、大部分は魚粉原料とされる。塩蔵アンチョビーをつくるには、10センチメートル前後の新鮮魚をボーメ度20の食塩水に漬け、頭部と内臓を指で除いたのち、20~30%の食塩をふりかけながら、樽(たる)に漬け込み、重石(おもし)を置き、浸出汁を除きながら6~10か月間、自己消化させる。これを、ピンセットを使って三枚におろし、ロール状に巻き、缶または瓶に詰め、サラダ油を加えて巻き締めする。歩留りは原料魚の10%程度。オードブルやサラダなどに用いる。

 アンチョビーからはアンチョビーソースもつくられる。これは熟成アンチョビーを温湯に漬けて軽く振り、鱗(うろこ)や表皮を除いたのち、肉ひき器にかけ、湯に漬けて濾過(ろか)し、食塩と着色料を加えて煮沸する。浸出液の一部にはコンスターチを加え、両者を混ぜ、これに香辛料を加えて再度煮沸する。ヨーロッパで主として魚料理に用いられ、魚じょうゆの一種ともいえるものである。

[金田尚志]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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