Saints

Japanese: 聖人 - せいじん

〘Noun〙① A person with outstanding knowledge and virtue, who is looked up to as a model for the world. A person who is as knowledgeable about everything as a god. In Confucianism, this is particularly true of ancient rulers such as Yao , Shun , Yu, Tang , King Wen, King Wu, the Duke of Zhou, and Confucius. Hijiri. ※Shoku Nihongi - Jinki Year 1 (724), November Jiazi "In ancient times, the pure and simple lived in winter holes and summer nests, and in later times, sages lived in _two _palaces ." ※Konjaku (around 1120) 5 "The peaks are high and the valleys are deep, and in places that look like the homes of immortals and sages." [I Ching - Qian Gua Wen Yan]② A word used to respect the emperor. In China, it was seen after the Tang dynasty. [New Book of Tang - Biography of Li Qin] ③ In Roman Catholicism, a title given by the church to people who are especially outstanding in terms of faith and virtue. Saint. ※Beio Kairan Jitsuroku (1877)〈Kume Kunitake〉 4 "Jesus's leading disciple, the saint, was imprisoned in this cellar ." ④ Another name for clear sake. Used in contrast to cloudy sake being called wise man. Hijiri. ※Chinbukuro (around 1264-88) 9 "They say that sake is called saint. What do you think? It is the name of sake that is drunk. Is it called saint to praise the virtue of sake?" [Wei Zhi - Biography of Xu Miao] ⑤ ⇒ shonin (saint)

sho-nin shau... [saint]

〘Noun〙 ("Sho" and "nin" are the Go-on pronunciations of "saint" and "person" respectively. A translation of ārya) 1. A Buddhist term. A person who has the ability to give rise to untainted wisdom and clearly observe the principles of the Four Noble _Truths , or even greater ability. A person who has attained holy wisdom and has seen the path of enlightenment or higher. *From the Ichijo Chapter of the Sūtra Sutra Commentary (611), "In the three realms there are _{also two} _saints . And even now many _are clear." 2. A Buddha, Bodhisattva, or an incarnation of the Buddha . 3. A monk who possesses wisdom and virtue, and also a profound compassion. A high priest. *From the Shobogenzo (1231-53), "The saints of old often practiced sutras in the open air beneath the trees." 4. An honorific title for a high priest who is the teacher of monks and sentient beings . ※Chuu-u-ki - August 27, 1098 (Chōtoku 2) "The wise and sage gave _a _lecture , entitled "A section of the Sutra of Gold and a section of the Sutra of Black Ink" _and _a memorial lecture. Five or six monks from the Imperial Court _came , and the sage preached sincerely and wonderfully." ⑤ ⇒ Seijin (Saint)

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

〘名〙① 知識や徳望がすぐれ、世の模範と仰がれるような人。神のように万事に通暁している人。特に儒教では古代の堯(ぎょう)・舜(しゅん)・禹(う)・湯(とう)・文王・武王・周公・孔子などをあげていう。ひじり。※続日本紀‐神亀元年（724）一一月甲子「上古淳朴、冬穴夏巣、後世聖人、代以_二宮室_一」※今昔（1120頃か）五「峰高く谷深くして、仙人の栖(すみか)・聖人の居所と見えむ所々にて」〔易経‐乾卦文言〕② 天子をうやまっていう語。中国では、唐以後にみられる。〔新唐書‐李沁伝〕③ ローマ‐カトリックで、信仰と徳の点で特に秀でた人に対し、教会が与える称号。聖徒。セント。※米欧回覧実記（1877）〈久米邦武〉四「耶蘇の高弟彼得聖人は、此窖(あなぐら)に囚へられ」④ 清酒の異称。濁酒を賢人というのに対していう。ひじり。※塵袋（1264‐88頃）九「さけを聖人と云ふ名ありと云ふ、如何。すめるさけの名なり。酒の徳をほめて聖人と云ふにや」〔魏志‐徐邈伝〕⑤ ⇒しょうにん（聖人）

しょう‐にんシャウ‥【聖人】

〘名〙 (「しょう」「にん」は、それぞれ「聖」「人」の呉音。ārya の訳語)① 仏語。無漏智を生じて四諦の理を明らかに観ずることのできる能力およびそれ以上の能力をもった人。聖智をえた見道以上の人。※勝鬘経義疏（611）一乗章「三界中亦有_二聖人_一。而今従_レ多為_レ明」② 仏菩薩または権化(ごんげ)の人。③ 智徳を兼ね備え、さらに深大な慈悲心をもつ僧侶。上人(しょうにん)。※正法眼蔵（1231‐53）行持「古往の聖人、おほく樹下露地に経行す」④ 僧侶や衆生(しゅじょう)の師である高僧の尊称。※中右記‐承徳二年（1098）八月二七日「以明賢聖人為_二講師_一、題名僧十口、〈金泥経一部、黒字経一部〉展_二供養講延_一也。院殿上人五六輩被_レ来、聖人説法誠神妙也」⑤ ⇒せいじん（聖人）

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