Vandermonde, AT (English spelling) VandermondeAT

Japanese: Vandermonde,A.T.(英語表記)VandermondeAT
Vandermonde, AT (English spelling) VandermondeAT

...So far we have only considered the front and back of the boards and not the orientation of the boards when placing them, but if we consider similar operations taking the orientation into account, we can create a much more complex group.
[History of the group]
In an effort to find a solution to equations of degree five or higher, J.L. Lagrange and Alexis Théophile Vandermonde (1735-96) examined solutions for cubic and quartic equations around 1770, focusing on how much the values ​​differ when root permutations are applied to polynomials with roots. About half a century later, N.H. Abel and E. Galois developed this idea further, with Abel first investigating polynomials that could be solved algebraically (those whose roots can be obtained by starting from the coefficients and using the four arithmetic operations and taking the power roots), and showing that some general quintic polynomials cannot be solved algebraically.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Vandermonde, AT" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…今は板の裏表だけを考えて置くときの板の向きは考えなかったが,向きも考えに入れて同様の操作を考えると,だいぶ複雑な群ができる。
[群の歴史]
 五次以上の方程式の解法を見いだす努力として,J.L.ラグランジュとバンデルモンドAlexis Théophile Vandermonde(1735‐96)が,1770年ころに三次,四次の場合の解法を吟味して,根の整式に根の置換をほどこしたとき,どれだけ異なった値をもつかということなどに着目した。約半世紀後にN.H.アーベルとE.ガロアがその考えを進展させて,アーベルが,まず代数的に解ける多項式(係数から出発して,根が四則算法とべき根をとる演算とで得られるもの)を調べ,一般の五次多項式には代数的には解けないものがあることを示した。…

※「Vandermonde,A.T.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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