Chamber of Commerce
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It is a non-profit corporation established under the Chamber of Commerce and Industry Law of 1953, with the objectives of promoting the healthy development of the national economy and contributing to the development of the international economy. To achieve this objective, it carries out the following activities (Article 9 of the same law). These include publishing opinions, making recommendations, responding to inquiries, conducting research and studies on commerce and industry, collecting and publishing information and materials, certifying, appraising and inspecting products and business activities, certifying the origin of exported goods, establishing, maintaining and operating facilities, holding lectures and seminars, spreading and testing technology and skills, hosting or arranging exhibitions and trade fairs, mediating and arranging commercial transactions, mediating, conciliating, arbitrating, consulting and guidance in the event of trade disputes, credit investigations, improving tourism, and conducting activities that contribute to the general welfare of society, among others. In principle, a chamber of commerce is established for a city as its district. Members must be merchants and industrialists who have been operating in the district for at least six months. To establish a chamber of commerce, more than 30 people with the above qualifications must become promoters, and the board of directors must consist of one chairman, up to four vice-chairmen, one managing director, two or three auditors, and a certain number of standing council members. The Japan Chamber of Commerce and Industry is located in Tokyo as a central organization with all local chambers of commerce as members. The chamber coordinates the chambers of commerce and industry nationwide, represents their opinions, and cooperates with domestic and international economic organizations to promote the healthy development of chambers of commerce and the promotion of commerce and industry. Similar organizations in foreign countries are called chambers of commerce. [Mitsuo Morimoto] Chamber of CommerceThe Chamber of Commerce is the equivalent of a town or village's Chamber of Commerce. It was established in accordance with the 1960 Law Concerning the Organization of Chambers of Commerce and Industry, with the goal of improving and developing commerce and industry in towns and villages overall. It is a non-profit organization organized as a legal entity, and is generally established for the area of one town or village. Membership is available to merchants and industrialists who have been operating continuously in the area for at least six months, and is established by 15 or more people who meet the membership requirements. It has an executive board consisting of one chairman, up to two vice-chairmen, up to 20 directors, and up to two auditors, and is responsible for providing guidance and liaison for commerce and industry, collecting and providing information, conducting research and studies, holding exhibitions, and disseminating and testing skills. [Mitsuo Morimoto] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
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1953年（昭和28）の「商工会議所法」に基づき設立される非営利の法人組織で、国民経済の健全な発展を図り、かつ国際経済の進展に寄与することを目的としている。この目的を達成するために次のような事業を行う（同法9条）。 意見の公表、建議、諮問への答申、商工業に関する調査研究、情報・資料の収集・刊行、商品や事業内容などの証明・鑑定・検査、輸出品の原産地証明、施設の設置・維持・運用、講演会・講習会の開催、技術・技能の普及・検定、博覧会・見本市などの開催もしくは斡旋(あっせん)、商事取引の仲介・斡旋、取引紛争に際しての斡旋・調停・仲裁・相談・指導、信用調査、観光事業の改善、社会一般の福祉に資する事業、その他である。商工会議所は原則として市を地区として設立される。会員は、その地区内において引き続き6か月以上営業している商工業者でなければならない。設立にあたっては、以上の資格をもつ30人以上の者が発起人となることが必要で、役員として、会頭1人、副会頭4人以内、専務理事1人、監事2ないし3人を置き、そのほか一定数の常議員を置く。 各地の商工会議所すべてを会員とする中央機関として、東京に日本商工会議所が設けられている。同会議所は全国の商工会議所を総合調整し、その意見を代表し、国内・国外の経済団体と提携することにより、商工会議所の健全な発達を図り、商工業の振興を目的としている。なお、外国の同種組織は商業会議所とよばれる。 ［森本三男］ 商工会商工会議所に相当する町村の組織が商工会である。1960年の「商工会の組織等に関する法律」に基づき、町村における商工業の総合的な改善発達を目的として設置される。法人組織の非営利団体で、原則として一つの町村を区域として設立される。その会員となる資格は、その地区内において引き続き6か月以上営業している商工業者で、その資格を有する15人以上の者が発起人となって設立され、会長1人、副会長2人以内、理事20人以内、監事2人以内からなる役員を置き、商工業の指導・連絡、情報の収集・提供、調査研究、展示会、技能の普及・検定などを行う。 ［森本三男］ 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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