Chang Yŏng‐sil

Japanese: 蔣英実 - しょうえいじつ（英語表記）Chang Yŏng‐sil

A scientist and official in the reign of King Sejong of the Yi Dynasty (15th century). Dates of birth and death unknown. Born in Asan. The son of a gisaeng (female entertainer), he was an official slave in Dongnae County, but due to his talent in science and technology, he was appointed by King Sejong and rose to the rank of Daehogun (Grand Protector of the Army), third rank. He was knowledgeable in astronomy and calendar science, and after studying in China at King Sejong's command, he created the Jianguidae (astronomical observation platform), armillary sphere, and large and small jiangui (both astronomical observation instruments). He was also active in clock making, completing the Jigekiro (automatic water clock), the official standard clock of the Yi Dynasty, and the Yangbu Nicholas (public sundial).

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

朝鮮，李朝世宗代(15世紀)の科学者，官僚。生没年不詳。牙山の人。妓生（キーセン）の子に生まれ，東萊県の官奴であったが，科学技術の才能をもって世宗に登用され，位は正三品大護軍に至った。天文暦学に明るく，世宗の命をうけて中国留学ののち，簡儀台(天文観測台)，渾天儀，大小簡儀(ともに天文観測器)などを作製した。また時計製作にも活躍し，李朝の公的標準時計である自撃漏(自動水時計)や公衆日時計である仰釜日晷（こうふにつき）などを完成した。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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