Inspector General - Junsatsushi

One of the ritsuryo government positions. An official belonging to the Daijokan (Grand Council of State), who temporarily inspected various provinces to supervise local officials and inspect the people. Before the ritsuryo period, in 685 (Emperor Tenmu's 14th year), one messenger, one judge, and one history officer were dispatched to each of the six provinces excluding Hokuriku to inspect the news of kokushi (provincial governors), gunji (provincial governors), and peasants. After that, in 712 (Wadō 5), they were dispatched every year, and in 744 (Tenpyō 16), they were dispatched to the seven provinces of Kinai and a 32-article inspection ceremony (detailed rules for work) was issued. At that time, the members were fourth-class officials in Saikaido and third-class officials in the other provinces. In 758 (Tenpyō Hōji 2), a three-year tour was established, but was discontinued in 795 (Enryaku 14). It was re-established in 824 (Tencho 1), but was abolished after 830.

[Naohiko Watanabe]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

令制(りょうせい)官職の一つ。太政官(だいじょうかん)に所属し、臨時に諸国を巡察して、地方官の監督や人民の視察にあたる官。令前では685年（天武天皇14）北陸道を除く六道別に使1人、判官(じょう)1人、史(さかん)1人を派遣して、国司、郡司および百姓(ひゃくせい)の消息を巡察させたのが初見。その後712年（和銅5）毎年派遣することになり、744年（天平16）には畿内(きない)七道諸国に遣わし、32条の巡察式（執務の細則）を発布した。このときの構成員は、西海道は四等官(しとうかん)、他は三等官制である。758年（天平宝字2）に至り三年一巡の制を定め、795年（延暦14）いったん中止。824年（天長1）再置したが、830年以後は廃止された。

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