The term "ancien régime" is a French expression meaning "old regime," and it was used to refer to the old social system that was overthrown by the French Revolution, in contrast to the new society that the revolution brought about. It was first coined by the revolutionary generation, who rejoiced at the birth of a new France, and condemned everything that had come before in the name of the "ancien regime." It then gained widespread acceptance as an academic term in the mid-19th century, when Tocqueville wrote his famous work "Ancien Régime and Revolution" (1856), and Taine, in his six volumes of "The Origin of Modern France" (1875-93), explained the break between the "old regime" and the "new regime" that separated them by the revolution. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
アンシャン・レジームとは,フランス語で〈旧体制〉を意味する表現だが,フランス革命が産み落とした新しい社会と対比しつつ,革命によって打倒された旧来の社会体制を,こう呼んだものである。最初にこのように名づけたのは,新しいフランスの誕生に歓喜した革命の世代であり,彼らは,先立つ過去のいっさいを〈旧体制〉の名の下に断罪したのであった。やがて19世紀半ば,トックビルが《アンシャン・レジームと革命》(1856)と題する名著を著し,さらにテーヌが《現代フランスの起源》6巻(1875‐93)において,革命を間にはさむ〈旧体制〉と〈新体制〉の断絶を説くに及んで,学問上の用語としても市民権をえた。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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