The administrative capital of Shropshire, in the west of England, UK. It is located about 60 km northwest of Birmingham, facing the River Severn. Because of its strategic location, it was an important Welsh outpost from around the 5th century, but was annexed by the Anglo-Saxon Kingdom of Mercia at the end of the 8th century. During the reign of Edward (reigned 899-924), there was a mint, and it is recorded as a city in the Domesday Book (1086), a land survey document by William I. Since the 12th century, it has often been involved in conflicts with Wales, and in 1283 Edward I convened the English Parliament in the city. Henry IV, who won the Battle of Shrewsbury in 1403, established his throne. After the political stability of the border area with Wales in the late Middle Ages, it prospered through wool trade with Wales. Since modern times, it has been an industrial city, with industries such as railway vehicles, machine tools, and electrical equipment developing. It is also a distribution center for the surrounding agricultural areas, with a large livestock market and malt production. Many historical buildings are preserved, including Shrewsbury Castle, which was built in the Norman era, St. Mary's Cathedral, which has stained glass from around 1345, and wooden houses from the 15th and 16th centuries. It is the birthplace of Charles R. Darwin. Population: 67,126 (2001). Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
イギリス,イングランド西部,シュロップシャーの行政府所在地。バーミンガムの北西約 60kmにあり,セバーン川に臨む。戦略的要地にあったため,5世紀頃からウェールズの前哨基地として重要であったが,8世紀末アングロ・サクソンのマーシア王国に併合された。エドワード(在位 899~924)の治世には貨幣鋳造所があり,ウィリアム1世による土地調査書『ドゥームズデイ・ブック』(1086)には都市として記されている。12世紀以降ウェールズとの抗争にしばしば巻き込まれ,1283年にはエドワード1世が市にイギリス議会を招集した。1403年のシュルーズベリーの戦いに勝利したヘンリー4世は王位を確立。中世末期ウェールズとの辺境地帯が政治的に安定したのち,ウェールズとの羊毛取引で繁栄。近代以降は工業都市で,鉄道車両,工作機械,電機などの工業が発達。また周辺の農業地帯の集散地でもあり,大規模な家畜市場があり,麦芽製造なども行なわれる。歴史的建造物が多く,ノルマン朝時代に創建されたシュルーズベリー城や,1345年頃のステンドグラスのある聖メアリー聖堂,15~16世紀の木造家屋などが保存されている。チャールズ・R.ダーウィンの生地。人口 6万7126(2001)。
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