... American theories of crime and delinquency in the sociology of crime from the 1930s to the 1950s can be broadly divided into two streams: the Chicago School theory, which focuses on the process of individuals' contact with delinquent culture and the transmission of delinquent culture, and the anomie theory, which sees crime and delinquency in relation to social structure. The Chicago School developed two related theories: Shaw CR and McKay HDM's "cultural transmission theory" and Sutherland EHSutherland's "differential association theory." The former was based on empirical research on delinquent-prone areas and pointed out that there exists a unique delinquent culture there that is transmitted across generations despite changes in residents. ... *Some of the terminology that mentions "Shaw, CR" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
… アメリカ犯罪社会学の犯罪・非行理論のうち1930年代から50年代ごろまでの理論は,個人の非行文化への接触と非行文化の伝達の過程を問題とするシカゴ学派の理論と,犯罪・非行を社会構造との関係でとらえるアノミー理論の二つの流れに大別することができる。シカゴ学派からはショーC.R.ShawとマッケーH.D.McKayの〈文化伝達理論〉とサザランドE.H.Sutherlandの〈異質的接触(ディファレンシャル・アソシエーションdifferential association)の理論〉の互いに関連する理論が発展した。前者は非行多発地域の実証的研究に基づき,そこには住民の交代にもかかわらず世代を超えて伝達されていく固有の非行文化が存在することを指摘した。… ※「Shaw,C.R.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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