Thirteenth night - Juusanya

It is the night of the 13th day of the 9th month of the lunar calendar. There is a custom of viewing the moon on this day, and it is called the bean moon, as opposed to the potato moon that occurs on the night of the 15th day of the 8th month, and is also called the later moon viewing. It is said that the first moon viewing party was held at Seiryoden in the 19th year of Engi (919) of Emperor Daigo. The entry for September 13th, 1135, in the Chu-u-ki records that a bright moon banquet was held. In Kasuya County, Fukuoka Prefecture, the 13th night of the 9th month is called the female moon, and it is said that women have the upper hand on this day. In Kitaazumi County, Nagano Prefecture, this night is called the wheat moon viewing, and it is said that if the weather is good on this day, there will be a good wheat harvest. In Tsurezuregusa, it is said that August 15th and September 13th are the days of Lou Shuku, one of the twenty-eight constellations, and that because this constellation is clear and bright, it is a good night to enjoy the moon. Like the August 15th night, the September 13th night is also good for picking fruits without permission.

[Oto Tokihiko]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

陰暦9月13日夜のこと。この日に月見をする慣習があり、8月15日夜の芋(いも)名月に対して豆名月といい、後の月見(あとのつきみ)ともいう。醍醐(だいご)天皇の延喜(えんぎ)19年（919）に、清涼殿で月見の宴を催されたのが九月十三夜の始めといわれている。『中右記(ちゅうゆうき)』保延(ほうえん)元年（1135）9月13日の条に、明月の宴が催されたことが記録されている。福岡県糟屋(かすや)郡では九月十三夜を女名月といって、この日女が幅をきかすという。長野県北安曇(きたあずみ)郡ではこの夜を小麦の月見といって、この日の天気がよければ小麦が豊作だという。『徒然草(つれづれぐさ)』には、8月15日と9月13日は、二十八宿のうち婁宿(ろうしゅく)という日で、この宿は清明なので月を翫味(がんみ)するのによい夜とある。八月十五夜と同じく、九月十三夜も果実類を無断でとってもよいという。

［大藤時彦］

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