A type of dance music with a strong beat that some black American jazz bands began to play around 1940. In the late 1930s, white swing bands took the lead in jazz and spread a sweet, refined style of performance. As a reaction to this, black bands, mainly from the Midwest, began to move toward a more aggressive style of performance that emphasized the physical sensations of black dancing. These bands are called jump bands. Count Basie's band (whose theme music was "One O'Clock Jump") brought this sensibility from the Midwest to New York and became popular, but some bands that continued to operate in the provinces emphasized the jump sensation even more, and these became the basis for the development of rhythm and blues in the mid-1940s. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
一部のアメリカ黒人ジャズ・バンドが1940年ごろから行い始めた,強いビートをもつダンス音楽。30年代後半に白人のスウィング・バンドがジャズの主導権を握り甘く上品な演奏スタイルが広まったことの反動として,おもに中西部出身の黒人バンドが黒人の踊りの肉体感覚を強調した,あくの強い演奏へと傾いて行った。こうしたバンドをジャンプ・バンドjump bandと呼ぶ。カウント・ベーシー楽団(そのテーマ音楽は《ワン・オクロック・ジャンプ》という曲)はこの感覚を中西部からニューヨークに持ち込んで人気を博したが,地方で活動し続けた楽団には,さらにジャンプ感覚を強調したものもあり,それらが40年代半ばに〈リズム・アンド・ブルース〉を生む基盤となった。
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