A beautiful pale green-blue mineral, it is one of the hydrated copper phosphate minerals used as decorative stones. It is also called turquoise. It is often formed secondarily in mudstones by weathering on the earth's surface, and sometimes occurs in the oxidized zones of copper deposits. It can also form in clay deposits of hydrothermal alternation origin. It is rarely euhedral and is short columnar. Most are lumpy, earthy, or membrane-like. In Japan, a small amount is produced in Nikko City, Tochigi Prefecture. By substituting zinc, ferrous iron, and calcium for copper, and ferric ions for aluminum, it is chemically continuous with several independent species of the same structure. Nowadays, it is possible to synthesize it in fairly good quality. It is the birthstone for December. It was named after Persian stones that were imported to Europe via Turkey as decorative stones in the Middle Ages. [Akira Kato] [References] | | | | | | | | | | [Supplementary information] |©Central Gem Laboratory "> Turquoise (Raw Stone) ©Central Gem Laboratory "> Turquoise Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
美しい淡緑青色を呈し、飾り石となる銅の含水リン酸塩鉱物の一つ。トルコ玉ともいう。多くは地表の風化によって泥岩中に二次的につくられ、ときに銅鉱床の酸化帯中にも産する。熱水交代起源の粘土鉱床中にも生成されることがある。自形はまれで短柱状。多くは塊状、土状、皮膜状などである。日本では栃木県日光(にっこう)市から少量を産する。銅のかわりに亜鉛、第一鉄、カルシウムが、アルミニウムのかわりに第二鉄イオンが入ることによって、同構造のいくつかの独立種と化学組成上連続する。現在では、合成によってかなり良質のものがつくられるようになっている。12月の誕生石である。命名は、中世に飾り石としてペルシア産のものがトルコを経由してヨーロッパへ輸入されたことによる。 [加藤 昭] [参照項目] | | | | | | | | | | [補完資料] |©中央宝石研究所"> トルコ石(ターコイズ)〔原石〕 ©中央宝石研究所"> トルコ石(ターコイズ) 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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