Socialist reform - Shakaishugikaizo (English spelling)

Japanese: 社会主義改造 - しゃかいしゅぎかいぞう（英語表記）Shè huì zhǔ yì gǎi zào

In modern China, this is one of the tasks of the overall transitional line proposed in 1953. It refers to the transformation of private ownership of the means of production under the dictatorship of the proletariat into socialist public ownership. This includes the socialist transformation of agriculture, handicrafts, and capitalist commerce and industry. First, in terms of the socialist transformation of agriculture, the small peasant economy was transformed into a socialist collective economy through cooperatization. The small peasant economy was decentralized and backward, with low productivity and unsuited to industrialization and meeting the needs of the people. It was therefore unstable and constantly exposed to polarization, and had the potential to give rise to capitalism spontaneously.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

現代中国において，1953年提起された過渡期の総路線の課題の一つ。プロレタリア独裁下で生産手段の私有制を社会主義的な公有制に変革することをいう。これには農業，手工業，資本主義商工業の社会主義改造が含まれる。まず農業の社会主義改造について言えば，協同化を通して小農経済を社会主義的集団経済へと改造した。小農経済は分散的で遅れており，生産力が低くて工業化と人民の生活の必要を満たすのに不適当であった。したがって不安定でたえず両極分化にさらされ，自生的に資本主義を発生させる素地をもっていた。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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