Stains

Japanese: しみ
Stains

A colloquial name for liver spots. They are flat, light brown pigmented spots with clear borders that appear symmetrically mainly on the forehead, temples, and cheekbones, and are not accompanied by redness or itching. They are more common in women over the age of 30, but can also occur in relation to pregnancy, menstrual irregularities, and repeated use of oral contraceptives.

Senile lentigo is also commonly called "age spots." It is a brown pigmented spot of various sizes seen as one of the aging phenomena, and can be small and multi-occurring on the face, similar to freckles (egg spots), large ones that may progress to senile warts, or a mixture of white spots and pigmented spots. No particular treatment is required, but it is important to differentiate it from a precursor of cancer (malignant melanoma).

[Iwao Ando]

[Reference] | Melasma

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

肝斑(かんぱん)の俗称。おもに前額、側頭、頬骨(きょうこつ)(ほお骨)部などに左右対称に生じる境界明瞭(めいりょう)で平らな淡褐色の色素沈着斑で、発赤やかゆみなどは伴わない。30歳以後の女性に多いが、妊娠、月経不順、経口避妊薬連用に関連して生じる例もある。

 なお、老人性色素斑を俗に「しみ」とよぶこともある。これは老化現象の一つとしてみられる大小の褐色色素斑で、そばかす(雀卵斑(じゃくらんはん))に似て小さく顔面に多発するものや、老人性疣贅(ゆうぜい)へ移行することもある大形のもの、あるいは白斑や色素斑が混在するものなどがある。とくに治療を要しないが、癌(がん)前駆症との鑑別(悪性黒色腫(しゅ))が重要である。

[安藤巌夫]

[参照項目] | 肝斑

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