Areopagitica - Areopagitica (English spelling)

Japanese: アレオパジティカ - あれおぱじてぃか(英語表記)Areopagitica
Areopagitica - Areopagitica (English spelling)

An early political treatise by Milton, who is famous as a revolutionary poet and the author of Paradise Lost. It is a classic work on freedom of speech and the press. Areopagitica means Lord Chancellor in Latin. It was published on November 24, 1644, with the subtitle "An Address to the English Parliament for the Liberty of Printing Without Permission." At that time, England was in the early stages of the Puritan Revolution, and Parliament's dominance was almost certain, with Presbyterian members taking the lead in Parliament. In January 1641, the Revolutionary Parliament abolished the printing censorship law that existed before the revolution. However, in June 1643, Parliament again prohibited the printing, recitation, and importation of books without permission. This book is a rebuttal to this measure. Here, Milton examines the history of censorship since Greece and shows that it originated in the Catholic Church's suppression of heresy. He then emphasizes the need for people to establish the ability to distinguish between good and evil, and truth and falsehood, and argues in powerful, concise language that censorship is useless and harmful, and an obstacle to the pursuit of truth.

[Hiroshi Tanaka]

[References] | Paradise Lost | Milton

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

革命詩人としてまた『失楽園』の作者として有名なミルトンの初期政治論文。言論・出版の自由に関する古典的名著。アレオパジティカはラテン語で大法官の意。1644年11月24日に出版され、副題は「許可なくして印刷する自由のためにイギリス議会に訴える演説」となっている。当時イギリスはピューリタン革命の初期にあたり、議会の優勢がほぼ確定的となり、議会は長老派系議員が主導権を握っていた。革命議会は1641年1月に、革命前にあった印刷検閲令を廃止した。しかし1643年6月に議会はふたたび、許可なくして書物を印刷、翻刻、輸入することを禁じた。本書はこの措置に対して反論したものである。ここでミルトンは、ギリシア以来の歴史を検討し、検閲制度がカトリック教会の異端抑圧に端を発していることを明らかにし、次には人々が善悪、真偽を識別できる能力を確立することの必要性を強調し、さらには検閲制度が無益かつ有害であること、また真理の探求にとって障害になることを、力強い簡潔な文章で論じている。

[田中 浩]

[参照項目] | 失楽園 | ミルトン

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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