Business association - Jitsugyo Kumiai

Japanese: 実業組合 - じつぎょうくみあい

A general term for trade associations organized by small and medium-sized merchants and manufacturers. The so-called quasi-cooperatives approved by prefectures in accordance with the Trade Association Rules (1884, Notice from the Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce), trade associations established under the Important Export Goods Trade Association Law (1897) and later the Important Products Trade Association Law (1900), were called business associations. While industrial associations under the Industrial Association Law (1900) were rural organizations centered on agriculture, business associations were urban organizations centered on commerce and industry, and the interests of the two groups often conflicted. Furthermore, business associations were organizations centered on small and medium-sized enterprises and did not represent the interests of large corporations.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

中小商工業者が組織する同業組合の総称。同業組合準則(1884，農商務省通達)にそって府県が認可したいわゆる準則組合，重要輸出品同業組合法(1897)，のちの重要物産同業組合法(1900)によって設立された同業組合などが，実業組合と呼ばれた。産業組合法(1900)による産業組合が農業中心の農村型組織であるのに対して，実業組合は商工業中心の都市型組織であり，両者の利害はしばしば対立する。また実業組合は中小企業中心の組織であり，大企業の利害を代表するわけではない。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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