Sigismund; Zsigmond

Japanese: ジギスムント（英語表記）Sigismund; Zsigmond

Born: February 15, 1368, Nuremberg
[Died] December 9, 1437. Znojmo King of Hungary (reigned 1387-1437), Holy Roman Emperor (reigned 1433-37), King of Bohemia (reigned 1419-37). Hungarian name Sigismund. From the House of Luxembourg. He came of age in Hungary, and after ascending to the throne, he tried to quell the conflicts between the princes of the country and also worked hard to develop the capital, Buda. However, after ascending to the throne as Holy Roman Emperor, he showed no enthusiasm for governing Hungary, and instead focused on the problems of the Holy Roman Empire, especially religious issues. Although he convened the Council of Constance in 1414 and avoided the Great Schism of the Church, he executed Jan Hus in 1415 in connection with the heresy issue, which led to the Hussite rebellion, and Sigismund's army, which went to suppress it in 1420, suffered a major defeat in Bohemia (→ Hussite Wars). In his later years, stimulated by the movement to reform the church, a movement to reform the empire arose, and the "Sigismund Reform Plan," the author of which is unknown, circulated.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1368.2.15. ニュルンベルク
[没]1437.12.9. ズノイモ
ハンガリー王 (在位 1387～1437) ，神聖ローマ皇帝 (在位 1433～37) ，ボヘミア王 (在位 1419～37) 。ハンガリー名ジグモンド。ルクセンブルク家の出身。ハンガリーで成人し，即位後国内諸侯の抗争をしずめるよう努力し，首都ブダの発展にも尽力した。しかし，神聖ローマ皇帝即位後はハンガリー統治に熱意を示さず，神聖ローマ帝国の問題，特に宗教問題に関心を集中した。 1414年コンスタンツ公会議を招集し，教会の「大分裂」は免れたものの，1415年異端問題に関連してヤン・フスを死刑に処したため，フス派の反乱を引き起こし，1420年鎮圧に向かったジギスムントの軍はボヘミアで大敗を喫した (→フス戦争 ) 。晩年に教会改革の動きに刺激されて帝国改革の動きが起こり，筆者不詳の「ジギスムントの改革案」が流布した。

出典　ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典について　情報

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