Ulisse Aldrovandi

Italian naturalist. He initially studied law at the University of Bologna and the University of Padua, but later switched to medicine. In 1560, he became professor of natural history at the University of Bologna, where he lectured on pharmacology and botany. In 1568, he founded a botanical garden in Bologna and became its first director. In 1574, he wrote Antidotarii Bononiensis Epitome , a book that later became the basis of the pharmacopoeia. He also built a museum in Bologna, made plans to compile a natural history, hired painters and sculptors, and began publishing, publishing four volumes during his lifetime and ten volumes after his death. He also wrote works on ancient Roman sculpture.

[Makoto Nishida]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

イタリアの博物学者。初めボローニャ大学とパドバ大学で法律を学んだが、のちに医学に転じた。1560年ボローニャ大学の博物学教授となり、薬物学、植物学を講じた。1568年にはボローニャに植物園を創設、その初代園長となった。1574年には後世の薬局方の基礎となる著書Antidotarii Bononiensis Epitomeを書いた。またボローニャに博物館を建て、自然史編集の計画をたてて画家、彫刻家を雇い、出版を開始、生前に4巻、死後に10巻が刊行された。このほか、ローマの古代彫刻に関する著作もある。

［西田　誠］

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