Three roles - Sanyaku

Japanese: 三役 - さんやく

〘Noun〙 [1] Means three important roles or positions. ① The Kanjo Bugyo, Kanjo Ginmiyaku, and Kanjo Kumigashira of the Shogunate's Accounting Office. [Chiho Hanreiroku (1794)] ② The village headman, kumigashira, and hyakushodai. The three village officials. ③ In Noh theater, the waki, hayashi, and kyogen actors. ④ In the tea ceremony, the three are the host, the shokyaku, and the ozume (lowest-ranked guest). ⑤ In sumo, the ōzeki, sekiwake, and komusubi. ※Tokyo Fuzokushi (1899-1902) <Hiraide Kojiro>, part 2 "The first rank is called makunouchi, and it is customary for the ranks to be ranked as ōzeki, sekiwake, komusubi, and (the above are called the sanyaku) maegashira." ⑥ Three important positions in a company, political party, union, etc. Also, people who hold those positions. [2] During the Edo period, one of the additional taxes in territories directly controlled by the Shogunate. These are the three items: the cost of the horse-riding lodge, the supply of six shaku of rice, and the cost of the storehouse. In cases where the rice paddy area lost more than five percent of its height due to feng shui drought or other reasons, the tax was waived. [Local Records (1794)]

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

〘名〙[一] 三つの重要な役割、役職の意。① 幕府勘定所の勘定奉行・勘定吟味役・勘定組頭のこと。〔地方凡例録（1794）〕② 名主・組頭・百姓代のこと。村方三役。③ 能楽で、ワキ方・はやし方・狂言方のこと。④ 茶の湯で、亭主・正客・お詰（末客）の三つをいう。⑤ 相撲で、大関・関脇・小結のこと。※東京風俗志（1899‐1902）〈平出鏗二郎〉下「第一段を幕の内と称し、大関、関脇、小結、（以上を三役といふ）前頭と列ぬること定例の如く」⑥ 会社、政党、組合などでの三つの重要な役職。また、その地位の人。[二] 江戸時代、幕府直轄領での付加税の一つ。御伝馬宿入用・六尺給米・御蔵前入用の三つをいう。風水旱虫などにより田高五分以上の損毛のときは免除された。〔地方凡例録（1794）〕

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