Sanmu Incident

A coup plot by right-wingers and graduates of the former Army Academy that came to light in December 1961. Toyosaku Kawanami, former president of Kawanami Industries, Kazuomi Koike, former student at the Army Academy, and Mikami Taku, former Navy lieutenant and defendant in the May 15 Incident, believed that the then-current cabinet of Ikeda Hayato was unable to suppress the communist revolution, and so they planned and made preparations to assassinate important government figures. They also tried to recruit senior members of the Self-Defense Forces, but failed. The weapons they planned to use were mainly rifles, and the plan was quite crude. It came to light when the Metropolitan Police Department analyzed the activities of the National History Association, a group of graduates from the 59th and 60th classes of the former Army Academy. Since many of those arrested were in sympathy with Kawanami's Three No's philosophy of no war, no taxes, and no unemployment, it came to be called the Three No's Incident. The indictment marked the first time that the Subversive Activities Prevention Law, which had been enacted in 1952 to combat leftist groups, was applied. In May 1964, the Tokyo District Court found eight defendants guilty, including Kawaminami, sentenced to two years in prison, and both the Tokyo High Court and the Supreme Court upheld the district court's first-instance verdict.

[Yuji Odabe]

"The Three Nos Incident," edited by Tanaka Jiro, Sato Isao, and Nomura Jiro (included in Postwar Political Trial History Volume 3, 1980, Daiichi Hoki Publishing)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

1961年（昭和36）12月に発覚した右翼と旧陸軍士官学校出身者らによるクーデター計画。もと川南(かわなみ)工業社長川南豊作(とよさく)、もと陸軍士官学校生徒小池一臣(こいけかずおみ)、五・一五事件被告もと海軍中尉三上卓(みかみたく)らが、当時の池田勇人(はやと)内閣では共産革命を抑えられないとして、政府要人らの暗殺を計画し、準備を進めたもの。彼らは自衛隊幹部にも勧誘工作を行い失敗している。予定した武器はライフル銃が中心で、計画はかなり粗雑であった。警視庁が、旧陸士59、60期の集まりである「国史会」の動きを分析した結果、発覚したもの。逮捕者の多くが、川南の主張する無戦争・無税・無失業の三無主義に共鳴していたことから三無事件とよぶようになった。起訴にあたっては、1952年に左翼対策のために公布された破壊活動防止法が初めて適用されることとなった。64年5月、東京地裁で川南の懲役2年をはじめ8被告が有罪となり、東京高裁、最高裁とも地裁での一審判決を支持した。

［小田部雄次］

『田中二郎・佐藤功・野村二郎編「三無事件」（『戦後政治裁判史録　第3巻』所収・1980・第一法規出版）』

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