A type of clay first discovered in Niigata Prefecture by Kobayashi Kyuhei in 1899. Mineralogically, it is a clay mainly composed of montmorillonite, but it is acidic. For example, if a piece of acid clay is soaked in water and placed on a pH test paper (litmus paper), only the part where the clay is attached will turn red. Bentonite is another clay mainly composed of montmorillonite like acid clay, but bentonite is not acidic. Acid clay is also distinguished from bentonite in that it does not swell like bentonite. Acid clay has strong adsorption and catalytic properties, so it is used in a variety of applications, such as drying agents such as silica gel, toothpaste, polymerization catalysts such as acetylene, starch saccharification accelerators, and raw materials for pharmaceuticals. Examples of acid clay include fuller's earth in the UK and Florida earth in the US. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
1899年小林久平により新潟県で最初に発見された粘土の一種。鉱物学的にみればモンモリロナイトを主とする粘土であるが,酸性を示す。たとえば酸性白土の一片を水でぬらし,pH試験紙 (リトマス試験紙) の上におくと,粘土塊が付着した部分のみが赤くなる。酸性白土と同様モンモリロナイトを主とする粘土にベントナイトがあるが,ベントナイトは酸性を示さない。また酸性白土はベントナイトのように膨潤性を示さない点においてもベントナイトと区別される。酸性白土は強い吸着能と触媒能があるため,シリカゲルなどの乾燥剤,歯磨粉,アセチレンなどの重合触媒剤,デンプンの糖化促進剤,医薬品等の原料など各種の用途がある。イギリスの fuller's earth,アメリカの Florida earthと呼ばれるものが,これに相当する。
出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報 |
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