Romance of the Three Kingdoms

A history book about the Three Kingdoms period in China. 65 volumes. Written by Chen Shou (233-297). Originally it was a privately compiled book. It consists of 30 volumes of Weizhi, 15 volumes of Shuzhi, and 20 volumes of Wuzhi. Only Weizhi contains the annals, and no journals or tables. Because it rejected Shu as the legitimate dynasty, this book was criticized in later generations when the orthodox theory became popular, and the "Continued Book of Han" was written, which considered Shu to be the legitimate dynasty. However, the criticism of the sources is rigorous, and the description is fair to the three kingdoms, so it is one of the better official histories. However, the description is a little too simple, and is supplemented by notes by Pei Songzhi (372-451) of the Southern Song Dynasty. Pei Songzhi collected and annotated many books, and it is important to note that some of them are now lost and have not been passed down. However, by comparing the main text with Pei's annotations, we can see the rigor of Chen Shou's criticism of the sources. The Weizhi Volume 30, "Records of the Eastern Barbarians" (Toiden), contains the Records of the Wajin (Records of the Wajin), which is the oldest comprehensive record of our country. Furthermore, the Romance of the Three Kingdoms was created based on Chen Shou's Records of the Three Kingdoms.

[Naotsugu Kano]

"The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, translated by Hisashi Miyagawa (1970, Meitoku Publishing)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、三国時代の歴史を記した歴史書。65巻。陳寿(ちんじゅ)（233―297）の撰(せん)。もとは私撰の書であった。魏(ぎ)志30巻、蜀(しょく)志15巻、呉(ご)志20巻よりなり、魏志にのみ本紀を設け、志、表の類はいっさいない。このように魏を正統として蜀を退けたので、後世、正統論が盛んになると本書も非難の対象となり、蜀を正統とする『続漢書』なども書かれたが、資料批判が厳密であり、記述も三国に公平であるので、正史中でも良書のなかに入る。ただ叙述のやや簡略にすぎるところを、南朝宋(そう)の裴松之(はいしょうし)（372―451）の注が補っている。裴松之は多くの書籍を集めて注を施したが、現在散逸して伝えられていないものが含まれていて重要である。しかし本文と裴注を比較することにより、陳寿の資料批判の厳正さがよくわかることもある。魏志巻30「東夷伝」(とういでん)中に倭人伝(わじんでん)があり、わが国に関する最古のまとまった記録である。また『三国志演義』は陳寿の三国志をもとにしてつくられたものである。

［狩野直禎］

『宮川尚志訳『三国志』（1970・明徳出版社）』

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