A compound of titanium and oxygen. Three types of oxides are known, depending on the oxidation number of titanium. (1) Titanium oxide (II) Chemical formula: TiO, formula weight: 63.9. Titanium oxide (IV) is a black crystal that is produced when TiO2 and titanium are heated to 1550-1750°C in a vacuum, but it is difficult to obtain the exact composition of TiO. (2) Titanium oxide (III) Chemical formula: Ti2O3 , formula weight: 143.76. It is a purple crystal obtained by heating titanium oxide (IV) to 1000°C in a mixed gas stream of hydrogen and titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4 ) . (3) Titanium oxide (IV) Chemical formula: TiO 2 , formula weight: 79.88. Also called titanium dioxide, it is the most stable of the oxides of titanium. It is a colorless powder obtained by igniting hydrated titanium oxide, but it occurs naturally as minerals with different crystal structures: rutile, brookite, and anatase. It is used as a white pigment (titanium white), as a raw material for porcelain, as an abrasive, in medicines, and in cosmetics. In addition to these, a non-stoichiometric crystal phase, TiO x ( x < 0.5), is also known, which is formed when oxygen is absorbed into the crystals of metallic titanium. [Iwamoto Shinbu] [References] | | | | | | [Additional information] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
チタンと酸素の化合物。チタンの酸化数によって、3種の酸化物が知られている。 (1)酸化チタン(Ⅱ) 化学式TiO、式量63.9。酸化チタン(Ⅳ)TiO2とチタンを真空中で1550~1750℃に加熱すると生ずる黒色結晶であるが、正確にTiOの組成を得ることは困難である。 (2)酸化チタン(Ⅲ) 化学式Ti2O3、式量143.76。酸化チタン(Ⅳ)を水素と四塩化チタンTiCl4との混合気流中で1000℃に加熱して得られる紫色結晶である。 (3)酸化チタン(Ⅳ) 化学式TiO2、式量79.88。二酸化チタンともよばれ、チタンの酸化物のなかではもっとも安定である。チタンの水和酸化物を強熱すると得られる無色粉末であるが、天然には、ルチル(金紅石)、板チタン石、鋭錐石(えいすいせき)(アナタース)のそれぞれ結晶構造の異なる鉱物として産出する。白色顔料(チタンホワイト)、磁器原料、研摩剤、医薬品、化粧品などの用途がある。 これらのほか、金属チタンの結晶中に酸素が吸蔵されて生成する不定比結晶相TiOx(x<0.5)も知られている。 [岩本振武] [参照項目] | | | | | | [補完資料] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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