Sanga - San

Japanese: 算賀 - さんが

〘 noun 〙 Celebration of advanced age. Celebration of congratulations. It begins at the age of 40, and is held every 10 years thereafter, but later includes celebrations of the 60th, 70th, 77th, and 88th birthdays. ※Nihonkiryaku - Engi 6th year (906), October 23rd, "Hōō Gosanka" [Glossary] (1) In "Tōdaiji Yoroku - 1, Honganchō 1", it is written that the 40th celebration of Emperor Shōmu on October 8th, 740 , "The first lecture _{was held} to celebrate the Emperor's 40th _birthday ", and it is known that the sanka ceremony had already been held since the Nara period. The main events of this sanka ceremony were banquets, music, and the writing of poems and songs. For this ceremony, folding screens were prepared, and folding screen paintings and folding screen songs were written and displayed at the celebration.
(2) As for gifts, it was customary to give 40 scrolls of sutras or 40 white horses for a 40th anniversary celebration, with the number corresponding to the number of years in the year (or its double, 10 times, or 100 times).
(3) Celebrating the birthdays of people on the following dates, which are not based on multiples of 10: 61 (kanreki as the year when the Chinese zodiac sign for the year of birth completes one cycle), 77 (kiju from the cursive writing of the character for joy), and 88 (88th birthday from the character for rice), began around the Muromachi period.

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

〘名〙高齢の祝賀。賀の祝い。四〇歳からはじめて、以後一〇年ごとに行なうが、後には還暦・古希・喜寿・米寿などの祝いも含める。※日本紀略‐延喜六年（906）一〇月二三日「法皇御算賀」[語誌](1)「東大寺要録‐一・本願章第一」には天平一二年（七四〇）一〇月八日の聖武天皇の四〇の賀が「皇御年四十満賀之設_レ講初開_レ講」とみえ、すでに奈良時代から行なわれていたことが知られる。この算賀の儀は饗宴、奏楽、作詩・作歌が主要行事であり、この儀には屏風を調進し、屏風絵・屏風歌を書いて祝の席に立てていた。
(2)祝儀の品としては、四〇の賀なら経四〇巻、白馬四〇頭など、年数（もしくはその倍、一〇倍、一〇〇倍）に数を合わせる習いであった。
(3)一〇の倍数によらない六一（生年の干支が一巡する年としての還暦）・七七（喜ぶの草書からの喜寿）・八八（米の字から米寿）の賀を祝うことは、室町時代頃から行なわれ始めた。

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