Scabbard - sheath

Japanese: 鞘 - さや

〘Noun〙① A tube for storing the blade of a sword. Depending on the shape, it can be round or flat. Also, depending on the decoration, it can be wooden, lacquered, or hanging. ※Shosoin documents - Tenpyo 10th year (738), Suo Province tax register, "One horse skin for a sword sheath" ※Heike (early 13th century) vol. 11 , "Removing the sheath from a white-hilted long sword (naginata) " [Shijing Commentary - Shoga, Zhan He Rakui] ② Something that is placed over the tip of a brush, pencil, etc. to protect it. An umbrella. A brush umbrella. A cap. ※Wakun Shiori (1777-1862) "Saya (abbreviation) A brush's sheath is a hat." ③ The outer enclosure of a prison. Also, the dirt floor outside the double lattice of a prison. Also, the prison itself. ※Haiku poem, Saikaku Daiyakazu (1681), vol. 31 "Three years in the minor saya, I have forgotten even the great mother of my hometown."④ In gagaku, a tube for holding a flute. A tube for holding a flute side by side, called two saya , is called two saya when a flute and a komabue are placed side by side, while a single saya is called one saya when only a flute is placed. However, it is not used for the kagura flute . [Rakukaroku (1690)]⑤ (It is said that this word originated from " sai, " which meant the difference between choaimai (rice accounted for in the Edo period) and shomai (rice in the regular account).) A word used in trading prices. sayabiraki. (a) The difference between one price and another price, or the difference between one interest rate and another. [Exchange Terminology Dictionary (1917)] (b) The difference between the buying price and selling price. (c) The difference between market prices for each brand or region. ⑥ In Edo period slang, it means the female genitals. Also, wife and woman. The word was derived from the fact that the penis was also called "nukimi," meaning something that holds the nukimi. ※Miscellaneous haiku and senryu commentary Manku-go, Hachi Horeki (1758), Matsu "You leave your sheath in the country and live in Edo without it." ⑦ (Short for "eye sheath " ) Eyelids. ⑧ A slang term used by thieves and other dealers for a house. [Encyclopedia of Special Words (1931)] ※Iyana Kanji (1960-63), Takami Jun, 3 "The house is also luxurious." ⑨ A slang term used by black market dealers for a fee. *Modern Customs and Manners (1952) by Kimura Shohachi, Modern Customs and Manners "The commission (saya) paid during that time looks like the business of this woman" [Etymology] There are various theories about the origin of the word, but many of the names of swords are derived from the names of plants, and the "saya" (scabbard) is thought to have been named after the shape of the leather sheath that holds the stone knife, which resembles the pod of a pea or other plant. Other examples include the "kabutsuchi no daitachi ," which has a handle that gets thicker as it approaches the head and has an onion-shaped metal fitting at the tip, which resembles a turnip , and the " warabidetou, " which has a handle with a middle part that becomes thinner as it approaches the tip and then becomes rounded, which resembles the shape of a sprouting bracken.

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

〘名〙① 刀剣類の刀の部分を納めておく筒。形状によって丸鞘、平鞘の別がある。また、装飾によって木地鞘、塗鞘、懸鞘(かけざや)の類がある。※正倉院文書‐天平一〇年（738）周防国正税帳「大刀鞘料馬皮壱張」※平家（１３Ｃ前）一一「白柄の長刀(なぎなた)のさやをはづし」〔詩経疏‐小雅・瞻彼洛矣〕② 筆や鉛筆などの先端にかぶせて保護するもの。かさ。ふでかさ。キャップ。※和訓栞（1777‐1862）「さや〈略〉筆のさやは、帽也」③ 牢屋の外囲い。また、牢屋の二重格子の外にある土間。また、獄舎そのもの。※俳諧・西鶴大矢数（1681）第三一「少の科て(サヤ)に三年古里のおははの㒵も見忘た」④ 雅楽で、笛を入れておく筒。横笛と高麗笛(こまぶえ)と二本を並べて入れるものを二つ鞘、横笛だけを入れるのを一つ鞘という。ただし、神楽笛(かぐらぶえ)には用いない。〔楽家録（1690）〕⑤ (江戸時代、帳合米(ちょうあいまい)と正米(しょうまい)との差をいう「差違(さい)」から生じた語という) 取引相場でいう語。さやびらき。(イ) ある値段と他の値段の差額、ある利率と他の利率との差違をいう。〔取引所用語字彙（1917）〕(ロ) 売り値と買い値との差額をいう。(ハ) 各銘柄や地域による相場と相場との差違をいう。⑥ 江戸時代の俗語で、女性の性器。また、妻女。男根を「抜き身」ともいうところから、抜き身を納めるものの意から生じた語。※雑俳・川柳評万句合‐宝暦八（1758）松「国にさや置てぬきみの江戸住居」⑦ (「め（目）の鞘(さや)」の略) まぶた。⑧ 家をいう、盗人・てきや仲間の隠語。〔特殊語百科辞典（1931）〕※いやな感じ（1960‐63）〈高見順〉三「サヤ（家）も豪勢だし」⑨ 手数料をいう、闇屋仲間の隠語。※現代風俗帖（1952）〈木村荘八〉現代風俗帖「その間の手数料(サヤ)がこの婦人の商売らしく見え」[語誌]語源は諸説あるが、刀剣の名称は、植物の呼称にちなむものが多く、「さや（鞘）」も、石製刀子(とうす)を入れた革鞘の形状がエンドウマメなどの莢(さや)に類似しているところから名付けられたものと思われる。他にも、柄が頭に近づくにつれ太くなり先端に玉葱状のふくらみのある金具をつける「頭槌(かぶつち)の大刀」は、蕪(かぶ)に見立てたもの、「蕨手刀(わらびでとう)」は、中子(なかご)が柄となり、先端にゆくにしたがって細くなり先が丸形になっている様子が蕨の芽を出した形に似ているところからつけられた、といった類例が挙げられる。

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