Samuelson, Paul

Japanese: サミュエルソン（英語表記）Samuelson, Paul

Born May 15, 1915 in Gary, Indiana
[Died] December 13, 2009. Belmont, Massachusetts. American theoretical economist. Full name: Paul Anthony Samuelson. Graduated from the University of Chicago in 1935, and received his doctorate from Harvard University in 1941. In 1940, he became a professor at the MIT Department of Economics. In 1947, he received the first Clark Prize. During World War II, he was involved in financial and economic policy as an advisor to government agencies, and contributed to policy formulation as a special economic advisor under President John F. Kennedy. Samuelson's economic position was to expand and integrate macroeconomic income analysis and microeconomic price analysis from the neoclassical position. He also played a major role in the mathematical analysis of economic theory (→Neoclassical Synthesis). He is one of the greatest theoretical economists of our time. His major work, Foundations of Economic Analysis (1947), based on his doctoral thesis, determined the direction of modern economics after World War II and was the first to fully introduce John M. Keynes' income analysis. His Economics: An Introductory Analysis (first edition 1948, 13th edition 1989), which is published in revised editions approximately every three years and is widely used in Japan and other countries, also had a major impact on postwar thinking about economic issues. He had some kind of influence on all fields of economics and was awarded the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences in 1970. He has written many edited and published books, including Linear Programming and Economic Analysis (1958), co-authored with Robert Dorfman and Robert M. Solow, and many other papers, which are collected in five volumes of collected essays (1966-1986).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1915.5.15. インディアナ，ゲーリー
[没]2009.12.13. マサチューセッツ，ベルモント
アメリカ合衆国の理論経済学者。フルネーム Paul Anthony Samuelson。1935年シカゴ大学卒業，1941年ハーバード大学で博士号取得。その間の 1940年にマサチューセッツ工科大学 MIT経済学部教授に就任。1947年第1回クラーク賞を受賞。第2次世界大戦中から政府関係機関の顧問として財政経済政策に関与し，ジョン・F.ケネディ大統領のもとでは特別経済顧問として政策立案に貢献した。サミュエルソンの経済学的立場は，マクロ的所得分析とミクロ的価格分析とを新古典学派的立場から拡大，統合しようとするものであった。また経済理論の数学解析的分析に果たした役割も大きい（→新古典派総合）。現代最高の理論経済学者の一人で，博士論文をもとにした主著『経済分析の基礎』Foundations of Economic Analysis（1947）で第2次世界大戦後の近代経済学の一方向を決定づけるとともに，初めてジョン・M.ケインズの所得分析を本格的に導入。ほぼ 3年ごとに改訂版が出版され，日本をはじめ各国で広く用いられている『経済学』Economics: An Introductory Analysis（初版 1948，第13版 1989）によっても戦後の経済問題の考え方に大きな影響を与えた。経済学のあらゆる分野になんらかの影響を及ぼし，1970年にノーベル経済学賞を受賞。ロバート・ドーフマン，ロバート・M.ソローとの共著『線形計画と経済分析』Linear Programming and Economic Analysis（1958）のほか多くの編著，論文があり，諸論文は論文集 5巻（1966～86）に収められている。

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