Zaporozhie (English spelling) Запорожье/Zaporozh'e

Japanese: ザポロージエ - ざぽろーじえ(英語表記)Запорожье/Zaporozh'e
Zaporozhie (English spelling) Запорожье/Zaporozh'e

A heavy industrial city in Ukraine. It was called Aleksandrovsk until 1921. The main part of the city is located on the left bank of the middle Dnieper River, and it also has a river port. Population 815,000 (2001). The city originated from the Aleksandrovsk Fortress built in 1770. It later became the headquarters of the Dnieper Cossack corps. In 1806 it became the location of the district office, and became a bustling trade town. The progress of heavy industry is largely due to the construction of the Dnieper Power Station during the Soviet Union's First Five-Year Plan (1928-32). The city's major enterprises include Zaporozhstal (steel), Dneprospetstal (special steel), and Avtozaz (manufacturing the 1500-1600cc compact car Tavria Nova and the 1200cc compact car Slavta), as well as transformer, engine, and coke chemical factories. It is also the academic center of southern Ukraine, with research and educational facilities for mechanical engineering, education, and metallurgy, the Glinka Memorial Concert Hall, many theaters, a local museum, a circus troupe, and a symphony orchestra. Khorchytsa Island in the river has many facilities such as resorts, rest houses, and campsites. The basic urban plan is centered around a boulevard that slopes gently down from the park at the dam site on the riverbank, and a new town and new housing complexes are spreading out on the opposite bank.

[Kazuo Watanabe and Toshihiko Ueno]

Dnieper Power Plant

Its official name is Dneproges. Between 1927 and 1932, an arched dam (760 meters long and 60 meters high) was built from the western end of Zaporozhye to the opposite bank, and a power station with a generating capacity of 653,000 kilowatts was established. A three-chambered lock was installed on the left bank (city side) to allow ships to pass through. At the time of its construction, it was the largest power station in Europe, and was known as the result of Lenin's electrification plan, the Russian Electrification Committee GOELRO (1920-31). Between 1969 and 1980, the Dneproges II power station was built on the left bank, with a generating capacity of 828,000 kilowatts.

[Kazuo Watanabe and Toshihiko Ueno]

[References] | Dnieper River

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ウクライナの重工業都市。1921年までアレクサンドロフスクАлександровск/Aleksandrovskとよばれた。ドニエプル川中流左岸に市の主要部があり、河港もある。人口81万5000(2001)。市の起源は1770年に建設されたアレクサンドロフスク要塞(ようさい)である。のちにドニエプル・コサックの軍団司令部が置かれた。1806年に郡役所所在地となり、交易でにぎわった。重工業化の進展はソ連の第一次五か年計画(1928~32)時代、ドニエプル発電所建設に負うところが多い。市の大企業には「ザポロジスターリ」(鉄鋼)、「ドニエプロスペツスターリ」(特殊鋼)、「アフトザズ」(1500~1600ccの小型乗用車タブリア・ノバ、1200ccの小型乗用車スラブタなどを製造)があるほか、変圧器、発動機、コークス化学などの工場がある。南ウクライナの学芸中心地でもあり、機械工学、教育、冶金(やきん)などの研究教育施設、グリンカ記念音楽堂、多くの劇場、郷土博物館、サーカス団、交響楽団などが置かれている。川中のホルチツァ島には保養所、休息の家、キャンプ場などの施設が多い。都市計画の基本は河岸のダムサイトの公園から緩く下る大通りを軸にしており、対岸にも新市街や新しい住宅団地が広がっている。

[渡辺一夫・上野俊彦]

ドニエプル発電所

「ドニエプロゲス」が正式名称である。1927~32年にわたって、ザポロージエの西端付近から対岸に向かってアーチ式の堰堤(えんてい)(長さ760メートル、高さ60メートル)を建設し、65.3万キロワットの発電能力をもつ発電所を設けた。左岸(市街側)に3室からなる閘門(こうもん)を設置して船舶が航行できるようにした。建設当時はヨーロッパ最大の発電所であり、レーニンの電化計画であるロシア電化委員会ゴエルロГОЭЛРО/GOELRO(1920~31)の成果として知られた。1969~1980年に「ドニエプロゲス第二」発電所が左岸側に建設され、これは82.8万キロワットの発電能力をもっている。

[渡辺一夫・上野俊彦]

[参照項目] | ドニエプル川

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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