Liquor store owner - Sakayayaku

Taxes imposed on sake brewers. Three taxes are known from medieval Kyoto. The most famous is the sake brewer's tax, which was imposed by the Muromachi Shogunate from 1393 (Meitoku 4) as a monthly tax, which was levied on average 1 kan 500 mon per sake jar per brewer. As a result, many sake brewers lost the privileges they had held as jinin (shrine priest) or yoriudo (referee) of powerful temples and shrines. The other two were the sake koji tax imposed by the Imperial Court and the sake koji tax upper division tax imposed by the Sanmon (Enryakuji Temple). The former was paid by the Sake Brewer's Chief Nakahara (Oshikoji) family as the Honshi portion, and the Hirohashi family as the Choyo portion. As a result of a lawsuit with the Shinto priest of Nishinokyo in Kitano over the production of koji after 1444 (the first year of Bun'an), the sake koji tax was to be paid to the temple gate.

[Masayoshi Kawachi]

"A Study of the History of Industrial Development in Japan" by Akitsugu Ono (1981, Hosei University Press) " "The People and Society of Medieval Kyoto" by Masayoshi Kawachi (2000, Shibunkaku Publishing)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

酒屋に賦課された課役。中世京都では三つの課役が知られる。最も有名なのは室町幕府が1393年（明徳4）以降、月役として賦課した酒屋役で、酒屋1軒に対し平均1貫500文宛、酒壺ごとに賦課された。これによって、それまで酒屋の多くが権門(けんもん)寺社の神人(じにん)・寄人(よりうど)などとして保持していた特権は失われることとなった。他の二つは朝廷が賦課した酒麹(さけこうじ)役と山門（延暦寺(えんりゃくじ)）が賦課した酒麹役上分銭(じょうぶんせん)である。前者は造酒正(さけのかみ)中原（押小路(おしこうじ)）家が本司(ほんし)分、広橋家が朝要(ちょうよう)分を納入させたものである。酒麹役上分銭は、1444年（文安元）以降に麹の製造をめぐって北野西京(にしのきょう)神人との訴訟の結果、山門に納入されることとなった。

［河内将芳］

『小野晃嗣著『日本産業発達史の研究』（1981・法政大学出版局）』▽『河内将芳著『中世京都の民衆と社会』（2000・思文閣出版）』

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