Backshark - Backshark

Japanese: サカタザメ - さかたざめ
Backshark - Backshark

A general term for a family or genus of the order Psauropodidae, or the name of one of its species. The guitarfish family Rhinobatidae (English name guitarfishes) can be distinguished from the Platyrhinidae and Rhynchobatidae, which are also in the order Psauropodidae, by the fact that the front edge of the body disc is straight and the first dorsal fin is located far back from the pelvic fin. There are 19 known species of the guitarfish genus Rhinobatos around the world. The guitarfish R. schlegelii and the common guitarfish R. hynnicephalus are found in the waters off Japan, and the guitarfish can be distinguished by its uniform brown back and lack of markings (the common guitarfish has ring-shaped markings).

The brown guitarfish species lives on sandy, muddy bottoms and preys on crustaceans and shellfish. It reproduces non-placental, viviparous, and once the fetus has absorbed its own egg yolk, it receives nutrients from the mother to grow. In the East China Sea, it gives birth to 2-7 young between June and October. They can reach a maximum length of about 1 meter. It mainly lives at depths of 20-225 meters, and is found in various parts of Japan south of central Honshu, the East China Sea, and the South China Sea. It is caught using bottom trawls and used as an ingredient in paste products and stews. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List lists it as Critically Endangered (CR) (as of August 2021).

[Kazuhiro Nakatani September 17, 2021]

[References] | Bunshark | Ray | Shorebug
Gusset fish (ecology)
It lives on sandy and muddy bottoms and preys on crustaceans and shellfish. Its body is the most shark-like of all rays. © Underwater Fort Enterprise, Isamu Soyama ">

Gusset fish (ecology)

Major types of rays (2) [specimen illustrations]
©Tomita Hyakushu ">

Major types of rays (2) [specimen illustrations]


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

軟骨魚綱ノコギリエイ目の科や属の総称、またはその1種の名称。サカタザメ科Rhinobatidae(英名guitarfishes)は体盤前縁が直線状で、第1背びれが腹びれよりはるか後方にあることで、同じノコギリエイ目のウチワザメ科Platyrhinidaeやトンガリサカタザメ科Rhynchobatidaeなどと区別できる。サカタザメ属Rhinobatosには世界から19種が知られている。日本近海にはサカタザメR. schlegeliiとコモンサカタザメR. hynnicephalusが分布するが、サカタザメは背面が一様に茶褐色で、斑紋(はんもん)がない(コモンサカタザメには輪状斑紋がある)ことで区別できる。

 種としてのサカタザメ(英名brown guitarfish)は砂泥底にすみ、甲殻類や貝類を捕食する。生殖方法は非胎盤型の胎生で、胎仔(たいし)は自分の卵黄を吸収してしまうと母体から栄養を受けて成育する。東シナ海では6~10月に2~7尾の子を産む。最大で全長1メートルほどになる。おもな生息水深は20~225メートルで、本州中部以南の日本各地、東シナ海、南シナ海などに分布する。底引網などで漁獲され、練り製品の原料、煮物などに利用される。国際自然保護連合(IUCN)のレッド・リストでは、絶滅危惧(きぐ)種中の「深刻な危機」(CR)に指定されている(2021年8月時点)。

[仲谷一宏 2021年9月17日]

[参照項目] | ウチワザメ | エイ | トンガリサカタザメ
サカタザメ(生態)
砂泥底にすみ、甲殻類や貝類を捕食する。体はエイ類のなかではもっともサメ形に近い©水中フォート・エンタープライズ 楚山いさむ">

サカタザメ(生態)

エイのおもな種類(2)〔標本画〕
©冨田百秋">

エイのおもな種類(2)〔標本画〕


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