Saung (English spelling)

Japanese: サウン(英語表記)saung
Saung (English spelling)
A Burmese (now Myanmar) bow-shaped harp. An abbreviation of saung-gauk. Also called "tsaung." This is a Burmese harp, and is recorded as a phoenix-headed string harp in Chinese and Japanese documents. In the Qing dynasty, it was recorded as a "tsong-kau-ki." A deerskin is stretched over the center of a wooden boat-shaped body (hollowed out of a kind of acacia called sha), and a curved handle comes out from the body to form a bow shape. Silk strings are stretched diagonally from about halfway down the handle to the ridge of the skin on the body. During the reign of King Bodawpaya (1782-1819), it still had seven strings, but the literary scholar Myawagyi Wungyi Usa improved it to 13 strings for the harpist U Po Ngoung. Chinese documents from the Tang dynasty state that it had 14 strings. Nowadays, the U Men Men Gyi has been further improved to have 14 strings, and even 16 strings.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
ビルマ (現ミャンマー) の弓型ハープ。サウン・ガウ saung-gaukの略称。「ツァウン」ともいう。いわゆるビルマの竪琴で,中国,日本の資料で鳳首箜篌 (ほうしゅくご) と記されるもの。清朝では「総稿機 (ツォン・カウ・キ) 」と記録された。木製の舟形胴 (シャというアカシアの1種の根をくりぬいたもの) の中央にシカ皮を張り,胴から曲った柄が出て弓型をつくる。柄の半分ぐらいのところから胴面の皮の稜線に斜めに絹製の弦を張る。ボドーパヤー王 (1782~1819) の頃にはまだ7弦であったものを文学者のミャワジ・ウンジー・ウーサが竪琴奏者ウー・ポー・ゴウンのために 13弦に改良したという。中国唐代資料では 14弦とある。現在では,ウー・モン・モン・ジーがさらに 14弦に改良,16弦のものまである。

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